اثر کودهای ورمی‌کمپوست، نیتروژن و فسفر برعملکرد و اجزاء عملکرد ارقام نخود (.Cicer arietinum L) تحت تنش خشکی آخر فصل

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه زراعت، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه بوعلی سینا همدان

2 گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه بوعلی سینا همدان

چکیده

به منظور ارزیابی تاثیر ورمی­کمپوست و کودهای شیمیایی نیتروژن و فسفر بر عملکرد و اجزاء عملکرد چهار رقم نخودتحت تنش خشکی آخر فصل آزمایشی در مزرعه­ پژوهشی دانشگاه بوعلی سینا همدان در سال زراعی93-92 انجام گرفت. آزمایش به صورت اسپلیت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح بلوک­های کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار اجرا شد. آبیاری در دو سطح: بدون تنش خشکی (آبیاری کامل) و تنش خشکی (تنش از مرحله­ی غلاف­دهی) در کرت­های اصلی و تیمارهای کودی در چهار سطح مصرف 100 درصد ورمی­کمپوست، 100 درصد کود شیمیایی، 50 درصد کود شیمیایی + 50 درصد ورمی­کمپوست و بدون مصرف کود و چهار رقم نخود بیونیج، آرمان، آزاد و هاشم در کرت­های فرعی قرار گرفتند. بر اساس نتایج به دست آمده برهمکنش آبیاری در رقم اثر معنی­داری بر صفات تعداد غلاف در بوته، عملکرد دانه و عملکرد بیولوژیکی داشت. همچنین کل صفات مورد مطالعه به طور معنی­دار تحت تاثیر برهمکنش آبیاری در کود قرار گرفتند. تنش خشکی در مرحله غلاف­دهی عملکرد ارقام هاشم، آرمان، آزاد و بیونیج را به ترتیب 41، 43، 37 و 34 درصد کاهش داد. کاربرد 50 درصد کود شیمیایی + 50 درصد ورمی­کمپوست، تعداد غلاف در بوته، وزن هزار دانه، عملکرد دانه، عملکرد بیولوژیک و شاخص برداشت را به ترتیب به میزان20، 19، 6/47، 8/23 و 16 درصد در شرایط تنش خشکی افزایش داد. قابل ذکر است تیمار 100 درصد ورمی­کمپوست صفات مذکور را به ترتیب 7/29، 5/14، 39، 20 و 8/4 درصد بهبود بخشید. بر اساس نتایج بدست آمده در همه ارقام به ویژه رقم هاشم کاربرد 50 درصد کود شیمیایی + 50 درصد ورمی­کمپوست جهت بهبود عملکرد گیاه نخود در شرایط آبیاری کامل و تنش خشکی قابل توصیه است.
 
 

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of Vermicompost, Nitrogen and Phosphorus Fertilizers on Yield and Yield Components of Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) Cultivars under Terminal Drought Stress

نویسندگان [English]

  • Sajad kahrizy 1
  • Ali Sepehri 2
چکیده [English]

        In order to evaluate the effect of vermicompost, nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizers on yield and yield components of four chickpea cultivars under terminal drought stress, a field experiment was conducted at the Agricultural Research Station of Faculty of Agriculture, Bu-Ali Sina, university during 2014 growth season. Experiment was designed as split factorial based on randomized complete block design with three replications. Irrigation treatment  inclued two levels, without drought stress (full irrigation) and drought stress at podding stage (terminal drought) in main plots and fertilizer treatments including four levels (100 percent of vermicompost, 100 percent of chemical fertilizer, 50 percent of chemical fertilizer + 50 Percent of vermicompost and Without fertilizer) and four chickpea  cultivars (Bivanig, Arman, Azad, Hashem) were used  in sub-plots. The result showed that interaction between irrigation and cultivar was significantly in the number of pods per plant, economic yield, biological yield and harvest index. Also all studied traits were significantly affected by interaction between irrigation and fertilizer. Drought stress at podding stage decreased grain yield of Hashem, Arman, Azad and Bivanig cultivars about 41, 43, 37 and 33.7 percent, respectively. At the podding stage steress, application of 50 percent  of chemical fertilizer + 50 percent of vermicompost increased number of pods per plant, 1000 grain weight, seed yield, biological yield and harvest index about  20, 19, 47.6, 23.8 and 16 psercent respectively under stress condition. It’s notable that application of 100 percent of vermicompost improved above-mentioned traits by about by 29.7, 14.5, 39, 20 and 4.8 percent respectively. According to results, in all cultivars especially Hashem using 50 percent of chemical fertilizer + 50 percent of vermicompost for enhancing chickpea under full irrigation and drought stress at podding stage is recommended.
 
 

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Chickpea
  • Chemical Fertilizer
  • Cultivar
  • Terminal Drought
  • Vermicompost Fertilizer
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