ارزیابی ویژگی‌های رشدی کتان روغنی (.Linum usitatissimum L) با کاربرد کودهای آلی و نیتروژن

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز

2 گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز

چکیده

    به‌منظور بررسی ویژگی‌های گیاه کتان روغنی تحت تأثیر منابع مختلف کودهای آلی و نیتروژن، آزمایشی در سال زراعی 95-94 در مزرعه تحقیقاتی گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز اجرا شد. آزمایش به‌صورت فاکتوریل در قالب بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار اجرا شد. فاکتور اول منابع مختلف نیتروژن در چهار سطح شاهد، کود اوره (150 کیلوگرم در هکتار)، کود اوره (75 کیلوگرم در هکتار) +کود بیولوژیک نیتروکارا و کود اوره کند رها (100 کیلوگرم در هکتار) و فاکتور دوم منابع مختلف کودهای آلی در چهار سطح شامل شاهد، ورمی کمپوست (5 تن در هکتار)، هیومیک اسید و ورمی کمپوست (5/2 تن در هکتار) + هیومیک اسید بودند. صفات موردمطالعه شامل عملکرد دانه، درصد روغن دانه، شاخص سطح برگ، وزن خشک و سرعت رشد نسبی بود. نتایج نشان داد که حداکثر سرعت رشد محصول (8/22 گرم بر مترمربع در روز) و شاخص سطح برگ (35/4)  در تیمار کود اوره و بین منابع کود آلی بیشترین سرعت رشد محصول (28/22 گرم بر مترمربع در روز) و شاخص سطح برگ (15/4) را تیمار ورمی کمپوست + هیومیک اسید در 737 درجه روز (مرحله کپسول دهی) نشان دادند. در 527=GDD (شروع گلدهی)، کود اوره (09/0) از منابع کود نیتروژن و هیومیک اسید (02/0) از منابع کود آلی بیشترین سرعت رشد نسبی را داشتند. بیشترین درصد روغن (80/28درصد) مربوط به تیمار ورمی کمپوست + هیومیک اسید و بیشترین عملکرد دانه (67/2706 کیلوگرم در هکتار) مربوط به برهمکنش اوره با ورمی کمپوست + هیومیک اسید بود. به‌طورکلی نتایج این تحقیق حاکی از آن است که کاربرد کودهای آلی و زیستی به‌تنهایی و یا در ترکیب با کود شیمیایی می‌تواند تاثیر مثبتی در بهبود عملکرد کمی و کیفی گیاه دارویی کتان روغنی داشته باشد. به‌نحوی‌که در این آزمایش کاربرد کودهای آلی در مقایسه با کود نیتروژن اثر بهتری نشان داد و به‌طور معناداری بیشتر از تیمار شاهد بود.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Evaluation of Growth Characteristics of Flax. (Linum usitstissimum L.) With Application of Organic and Nitrogen Fertilizers

نویسندگان [English]

  • Rzwan Esmaili Behbahani 1
  • Esfandiar Fateh 2
  • Amir Aynehband 2
چکیده [English]

      In order to study of some flax characteristics under nitrogen and organic fertilizer, a field experiment was conducted in experimental farm of Agricultural Faculty of Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz at 2015-2016 growing season. Experimental design was randomized complete block as factorial arrangement with three replications. The first factor was different nitrogen fertilizer sources, control (no nitrogen fertilizer), 150kg.ha-1 urea, 75 kg.ha-1 urea+Nitrocara biological fertilizer and 100 kg.ha-1 Slow Released Urea). The second factor was different organic fertilizer sources as control (no organic fertilizer application), 5 tones.ha-1 vermicompost, 2.5 tones vermicompost+ humic acid and humic acid). The results showed the highest crop growth rate (CGR)(2.28 g.m-2.day-1) and leaf area index(LAI) (4.35) in nitrogen treatments were related to 150 kg.ha-1 urea fertilizer and in organic fertilizer treatment, the highest CGR(22.8 g.m-2.day-1) and LAI (4.15) were conducted at 2.5 tones/ha vermicompst+humic acid treatments on GDD=737 at capsuling phonological stage. The highest relative growth rate (RGR) were obtained at urea fertilizer (0.09) and humic acid (0.02) at GDD=527 (flowering stage). The highest grain yield (2706.67 kg) was obtained at vermicompost(2.5 tons.ha-1)+ humic acid +urea fertilizer. The results of this study indicated that application of organic and biological fertilizers alone or in combination with chemical fertilizers have a positive effect on improving the quality and quantity of flaxen. In this experiment, application of organic fertilizers showed good effect than nitrogen fertilizer and it was significantly more than control treatment.
 
 

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Crop Growth Rate
  • Grain Yield
  • Leaf Area Index
  • Nitrogen Fertilizer
  • Organic Fertilizer
  • Oil Percent
  • Relative Growth Rate
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