ارتباط محلول‌پاشی اسید سالیسیلیک، اسید هیومیک و دفعات برداشت با عملکرد و کیفیت بابونه آلمانی (.Matricaria chamomilla L)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 فیزیولوژی گیاهان زراعی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی خوزستان

2 دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی خوزستان

3 دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز

چکیده

به منظور بررسی تاثیر محلول پاشی اسید سالیسیلیک، اسید هیومیک و دفعات برداشت بر خصوصیات مورفولوژیک و اسانس بابونه آلمانی، آزمایشی در سال زراعی 1394 به صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح پایه بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار، در مزرعه آزمایشی دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی خوزستان به اجرا در آمد. عوامل آزمایش، چهار سطح اسید‌هیومیک شامل عدم کاربرد، 200، ‎400 و‎600 میلی‌گرم در لیتر و چهار سطح اسید‌سالیسیلیک شامل عدم کاربرد، 200، 400 و600  میکرومولار در مرحله‌ی رشد رویشی و اوایل گل‌دهی و دفعات برداشت گل، شامل یک بار برداشت و سه بار برداشت (بعد از 20 درصد گل‌دهی به فواصل زمانی 10 روز) بود. نتایج نشان داد بیش­ترین تعداد گل (6/87 عدد) در تیمار سه بار برداشت به‌دست آمد که نسبت به‌یکبار برداشت 45 درصد افزایش داشت. همچنین در تیمارهای دارای اسید هیومیک در شرایط سه بار برداشت در مقایسه با یکبار برداشت، عملکرد گل  افزایشی حدود 70 درصد نشان داد. استفاده از اسید‌سالیسیلیک (400 میکرومولار) و اسید‌هیومیک (600 میلی گرم در لیتر) موجب افزایش 18 و 38 درصدی در تعداد گل نسبت به تیمار عدم کاربرد آنها شد. در مجموع بهترین تیمار جهت حصول بالاترین عملکرد گل، محتوا و عملکرد اسانس مربوط به ترکیب تیماری 400 میکرومولار اسید‌سالیسیلیک همراه با سطوح 400 یا 600 میلی‌گرم در لیتر اسید‌هیومیک طی سه برداشت بود که افزایش معنی‌دار و قابل توجهی را نسبت به شاهد در صفات مورد اشاره نشان داد.
 
 
 

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Rwlationship of Salicylic acid and Humic Acid Foliar Spray and Harvesting Times with yield and Quality of German Chamomile (Matricaria chamomilla L.)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Shahla Mashayekhi 1
  • Alireza Abdali Mashhadi 2
  • Abdolmahdi Bakhshandeh 2
  • Amin Lotfi Jalal Abadi 2
  • Seyyed Mansour Seyyed Nejad 3
چکیده [English]

In order to investigate the effect of salicylic acid, humic acid and harvesting numbers on morphological characteristics and essential oil of German chamomile, a factorial experiment was conducted in a randomized complete block design with three replications in agricultural sciences and natural resources university of Khuzestan in 2015. The treatments consisted of four levels of humic acid (control, 200, 400 and 600 mg.L-1) and four levels of salicylic acid (control, 200, 400 and 600 μM) as foliar application in vegetative growth stage flowering and the flower harvest times including one and  three harvest (after 20% flowering at intervals of 10 days). The results showed that the highest number of flowers (87.6) was obtained in three times harvesting and increased by 45% compared to one time harvest. Also, in treatments with humic acid in terms of three harvest, compared to one harvest, the yield increased by 70%. The use of salicylic acid (400 μM) and humic acid (600 mg.L-1) resulted in an increase of 18% and 38% in the number of flowers compared to control treatment. In addition, the best treatment for the highest flower yield, essential oil content and yield was related to 400 mg salicylic acid with 400 or 600 mg.L-1 humic acid in three times harvesting, which showed significant and considerable increase compared to control in these traits.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Essential Oil
  • Flower Number
  • Flower Yield
  • Harvest Index
  • Vegetative Growth
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