تاثیرکودهای فسفره زیستی و شیمیایی بر عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد گلرنگ Carthamus tinctorius L.)) تحت شرایط کم آبیاری

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد اگرواکولوژی، دانشگاه زابل

2 دانشگاه زابل - دانشکده کشاورزی - گروه زراعت

3 استاد گروه زراعت، دانشگاه زابل

4 گروه تولیدات گیاهی، دانشکده کشاورزی بردسیر، دانشگاه شهید باهنر کرمان، کرمان

چکیده

به منظور بررسی تاثیر کود‏‏های فسفره شیمیایی و زیستی بر عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد گلرنگ در شرایط متفاوت رطوبتی، آزمایشی به صورت کرت‏های خرد شده در قالب طرح بلوک‏های کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار در مزرعه آموزشی دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه زابل انجام شد. کم‌آبیاری شامل: آبیاری معمولی، قطع یک نوبت آبیاری قبل و بعد از گلدهی به عنوان عامل اصلی و انواع کود‏های فسفره در 4 سطح شامل: شاهد (عدم مصرف کود)، 100درصد کود شیمیایی فسفره، 50 درصد کود شیمیایی فسفره + کود زیستی فسفات بارور2 (کود تلفیقی) و کود زیستی فسفات بارور 2 به عنوان عامل فرعی بودند. بر اساس نتایج تجزیه واریانس ارتفاع بوته، تعداد شاخه های‌ اصلی و فرعی و شاخص برداشت تنها بطور معنی داری تحت تاثیر تیمارهای مختلف کودی قرار گرفتند. مقایسه میانگین‌‏ها نشان داد که بیشترین مقدار صفات مذکور متعلق به تیمار تلفیقی کود های فسفره زیستی و شیمیایی بود که نسبت به تیمار شاهد به ترتیب 2/1، 7/1 و 6/1 و 55/1 برابر افزایش یافتند. همچنین نتایج نشان داد تعداد طبق در بوته، وزن هزار دانه، عملکرد بیولوژیک، عملکرد دانه، میزان کلروفیل و کاروتنوئید بطور معنی داری تحت تاثیر تیمارهای مختلف کودی، آبیاری و برهمکنش آنها قرار گرفتند. بیشترین مقدار این صفات در تیمار تلفیق کود زیستی و شیمیایی در شرایط آبیاری نرمال مشاهده شد که نسبت به تیمار کودی شاهد به ترتیب 2، 4/1، 12/2 و 59/2 ، 24/2 برابر افزایش یافتند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of Biological and Chemical Phosphorus Fertilizer on Yield and Yield Components of Safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) under Low Irrigation Conditions

نویسندگان [English]

  • Sahar Ahmadpour Abnvi 1
  • mahmood ramroudi 2
  • mohammad galavi 3
  • mohadeseh shamsaddin saied 4
1 Msc student of Agroecology, University of Zabol
3 3- Profesor, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zabol
4 Department of Plant Productions, Agricultural Faculty of Bardsir, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Iran
چکیده [English]


Regarding to limitation of water resources and the consequences of chemical fertilizers in terms of the environment, recognizing the affecting factors of crop production in limited water conditions is very important. In order to investigate the effect of chemical and biological phosphoric fertilizers on yield and yield components of safflower under different irrigations, an experiment was conducted as split plot based on randomized complete block design with three replications at the Agricultural College of Zabol University. The irrigation treatment included normal irrigation, discontinuation of irrigation intervals before and after flowering as the main factor and types of phosphorous fertilizers in 4 levels: control (no fertilizer), 100% chemical phosphorus fertilizer, 50% chemical phosphorus fertilizer + 50% biological phosphate (combined fertilizer) and 100% Biological phosphate fertilizer were sub factor. Based on the results of analysis of variance, plant height, number of main and minor branches and harvest index were significantly affected by different fertilizer treatments. Comparison of means showed that the highest amount of traits were belong to the combined treatment of chemical and biological phosphoric fertilizers which increased 1.2, 1.7 and 1.6 and 1.55 times, respectively. The results also showed that number of heads per plant, 1000 seed weight, biological yield, grain yield, chlorophyll and carotenoids were significantly affected by different fertilizer treatments, irrigation and interaction. The highest amount of these traits was observed in the combination of biological and chemical fertilizer under normal irrigation conditions, which increased 2, 2.4, 2.12 and 2.59, respectively, compared to the control fertilizer treatment, respectively. Also, the results showed that the application of pure fertilizers to improve the effective traits in safflower yield was lower than pure fertilizers in all irrigation treatments. The highest amount of carotenoids (5.57 mg.g-1FW) belonged to the combination of biological and chemical fertilizer in irrigation treatment after flowering. According to the results, it seems that the combination of chemical and biological phosphorous fertilizers in tolerance to drought conditions can play a significant role in safflower plants.
 
 

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Chlorophyll
  • Discontinious Irrigation
  • Harvest Index
  • Oil Percentage
  • Phosphate 2
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