بررسی کارایی نیتروژن و عملکرد دانه لوبیا سفید تحت کاربرد تلفیقی کودهای آلی و زیستی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه کشاورزی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد نراق، نراق، ایران.

2 گروه کشاورزی، واحد فراهان، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، فراهان، ایران.

3 گروه کشاورزی، واحد نراق، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، نراق، ایران.

چکیده

      به منظور بررسی اثر تلفیقی کودهای آلی و زیستی بر خصوصیات زراعی و عملکرد دانه لوبیا سفید در منطقه نیاسر آزمایشی به­صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح پایه بلوک­های کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار در سال 1394 انجام شد. فاکتور اول شامل چهار سطح کود زیستی، بصورت شاهد، نیتروکسین، کود زیستی فسفات بارور-2، ترکیب نیتروکسین + بارور و فاکتور دوم چهار سطح کود آلی شامل شاهد، کود دامی گاوی، کمپوست قارچ و ورمی­کمپوست بود. صفاتی مانند ارتفاع بوته، تعداد دانه در بوته، وزن صد دانه، عملکرد دانه، تعداد روز تا رسیدگی بوته، درصد نیتروژن، مقدار فسفر جذب شده توسط بوته و کارایی فیزیولوژیکی نیتروژن مورد ارزیابی قرار گرفتند. نتایج نشان داد که استفاده از کودهای زیستی و آلی در مقایسه با عدم مصرف آنها به افزایش معنی دار اکثر صفات مورد ارزیابی منجر شد. اثر متقابل کاربرد کودهای آلی و زیستی بر صفات تعداد دانه در بوته، عملکرد دانه، تعداد روز تا رسیدگی بوته، درصد نیتروژن، مقدار فسفر جذب شده توسط بوته و کارایی فیزیولوژیکی نیتروژن معنی­دار بود. به­طوری­که بیشترین کارایی فیزیولوژیکی نیتروژن به تیمار تلقیح با نیتروکسین + کود دامی گاوی با میانگین 25/0 کیلوگرم دانه تولید شده به کیلوگرم نیتروژن مصرف شده مربوط بود و کمترین مقدار آن با میانگین صفر به تیمار شاهد + شاهد اختصاص داشت. مقایسه میانگین صفات نشان داد که بیشترین عملکرد دانه با 3083 کیلوگرم در هکتار مربوط به مصرف کود ورمی­کمپوست و کمترین عملکرد دانه (2524 کیلوگرم در هکتار) مربوط به عدم مصرف کود (شاهد) بود. بنابراین مصرف توأم کودهای زیستی و آلی موجب بهبود کمی و کیفی صفات زراعی گیاه لوبیا سفید می­گردد.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Evaluation of Nitrogen Efficiency and Grain Yield of White Bean under Combined Application of Organic and Biological Fertilizers

نویسندگان [English]

  • Leyla Arab- Niasar 1
  • Mohammad Mirzakhani 2
  • Karim Nozad Namin 3
چکیده [English]

In order to evaluate of nitrogen efficiency and grain yield of white bean under combined application of organic and biological fertilizers in Niasar region, a factorial experiment based on randomized complete block design with three replications was conducted in 2015. The first factor included four levels of biological fertilizer (control, inoculation with nitroxin, Barvar-2 and nitroxin + Barvar-2) and second factor included four levels of organic fertilizer (control, farmyard manure, mushroom compost and vermicompost). In this study characteristics such as number of grains per plant, weight of 100 grains, grain yield, number of days to maturity, nitrogen percentage, amount of phosphor absorbed by plant and physiological efficiency of nitrogen were assessed. Results showed that the interaction effect of organic and bio-fertilizers was significant on number of grains per plant, grain yield, number of days to maturity, nitrogen percentage, amount of phosphor absorbed by plant and efficiency of nitrogen. The maximum nitrogen efficiency (0.25 kg.kg-1) was obtained by inoculation with Azotobacter + farmyard manure and the minimum of nitrogen efficiency (0kg.kg-1) by control+control. The maximum of grain yield (3083 kg.ha-1) were obtained by vermicompost and the minimum of grain yield (2524 kg.ha-1) by control treatment. Therefore, the combined application of organic and biological fertilizers, could improve the quantitative and qualitative traits of the Bean.
 
 

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Bio-fertilizer
  • Grain yield
  • Nitrogen Efficiency
  • Organic Fertilizer
  • White Bean
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