اثر کودهای آلی و شیمیایی در مراحل مختلف فنولوژیک بر برخی خصوصیات کمی و کیفی سورگوم علوفه‌ای اسپیدفید (Sorghum bicolor L. Var. Speed Feed)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه ارومیه

چکیده

       با در نظر گرفتن اهمیت استفاده از کودهای آلی در کشاورزی پایدار، آزمایشی به­صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح بلوک­های کامل تصادفی، در مزرعه ایستگاه تحقیقات کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی خوی، طی سال زراعی 95-1394 اجرا گردید. فاکتور اول شامل زمان محلول­پاشی در سه مرحله شش برگی، ساقه­دهی و پیش از گلدهی سورگوم و فاکتور دوم شامل محلول­پاشی جلبک (عصاره جلبک دریایی40% ، نیتروژن 8%، پتاسیم 22%، فسفر 18%، آمینو اسید، آلجینیک و سیتوکینین، 5 در هزار)، 101-) HBمحرک رشد، 1 در هزار)، ماکروNPK)  20-20-20، 2 در هزار)، آب و شاهد بود. با اعمال محلول­پاشی در هر سه مرحله، میزان فیبر خام، فیبر محلول در شوینده اسیدی و خنثی کاهش یافت و در مقابل قابلیت هضم علوفه افزایش نشان داد. محلول­پاشی با جلبک و 101-HB در مرحله ساقه­دهی در مقایسه با محلول­پاشی با آب و شاهد در هر سه مرحله سبب افزایش  14% قابلیت هضم و 105% قند محلول گردیدند. محلول­پاشی جلبک دریایی در مرحله ساقه­دهی، بیشترین میزان پروتئین خام (48/16) را به خود اختصاص داد. محلول­پاشی کودهای مایع در مرحله شش برگی و ساقه­دهی با افزایش 34% نسبت به محلول­پاشی با آب و شاهد در هر سه مرحله، بیشترین شاخص سطح برگ را داشتند. محلول­پاشی جلبک و 101-HB  در مرحله ساقه­دهی به­ترتیب با افزایش 54 و 46 درصدی عملکرد، بالاترین گروه آماری بودند . بهره­گیری از کودهای آلی علاوه بر بهبود کیفیت و سودآوری برای کشاورز، قدمی مهم در جهت پیشبرد کشاورزی پایدار بوده و قابل توصیه می­باشد.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Effects of Chemical and Organic Fertilizer on Some Qualitative and Quantitative Characteristics of Forage Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Var. Speed Feed) in Various Phenological Stages

نویسندگان [English]

  • Roya Karimi
  • Reza Amirnia
چکیده [English]

     Due to the high importance of using organic fertilizers in sustainable agriculture, the present research was carried out as a factorial experiment based on randomized complete block design in Agricultural and Natural Resources Research Station in Khoy during growth season of 2015-2016. The first factor included foliar application time at three stages of six leafy, stemming and pre-flowering of sorghum, and the second factor included the foliar application of seaweed (seaweed extract 40%, N 8%, K 22%, P 18%, amino acid, Alginic, cytokinin 5cc/lit), HB-101(growth stimulus 1cc/lit), macro (NPK (20, 20, 20) 2cc/lit), water, and control. Through applying foliar at all three stages, the amounts of crude fiber, soluble fiber in acidic, and neutral detergents decreased, while digestibility increased. Compared to foliar application of water and control in all three stages, the foliar application with seaweed and Hb-101 increased digestibility (14%) and soluble sugar (105%) during the stemming. Seaweed foliar application (16/48) had the highest amount of crude protein during stemming. Foliar application of liquid fertilizers had the highest amount of leaf level index during six leafy and stemming stages in comparison with foliar application with water and control at all three stages, there was a 34% rise. During stemming, foliar application with seaweed and Hb-101 resulted in 54% and 46% increase in function, respectively, which was the highest statistical group. Apart from improving the quality and profitability of the farming, the use of organic fertilizers is an important step towards the realization sustainable agriculture and are recommended.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Chemical Fertilizer
  • Digestibility
  • Fertilizer Foliar Application
  • Organic Fertilizer
  • Quality of Forage
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