ارزیابی اجزای عملکرد، عملکرد دانه و روغن ژنوتیپ‌های گلرنگ پاییزه تحت تنش کمبود آب در دوره زایشی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 بخش تحقیقات علوم زراعی و باغی، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان آذربایجان شرقی، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، تبریز، ایران

2 موسسه تحقیقات اصلاح و تهیه نهال و بذر، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، کرج، ایران

چکیده

      پژوهش با هدف ارزیابی ویژگی­های زراعی و گزینش ژنوتیپ­های متحمل به­خشکی گلرنگ برای کشت در اراضی شور و کم­بازده اجرا گردید. آزمایش در قالب کرت‌های خرد شده بر پایه بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار در اراضی شور (هدایت الکتریکی 7/6 دسی زیمنس بر متر) ایستگاه خسروشاه مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی آذربایجان شرقی طی سال زراعی 97-1396 پیاده گردید. فاکتور اصلی تنش خشکی با سطوح  بدون تنش و تنش از گل‌دهی تا رسیدگی دانه و فاکتور فرعی پانزده لاین و رقم­ پاییزه گلرنگ بودند. نتایج نشان دادند وقوع خشکی از مرحله گل­دهی با کاهش تعداد دانه در طبق و وزن هزار دانه، باعث کاهش معنی­دار عملکرد دانه و روغن در ژنوتیپ­های گلرنگ شد. چنین نتیجه­گیری می­شود که اثر خشکی روی عملکرد دانه و روغن در گلرنگ از طریق این دو بخش عملکرد دانه بود. صفات مذکور بین ژنوتیپ­ها نیز تفاوت معنی­داری داشتند. نتایج گروه­بندی ژنوتیپ­ها با استفاده از تجزیه کلاستر و روش وارد، آنها را در دو گروه با عملکرد­های پایین­تر ( پرنیان، K.H.Y.23 و K.M.S.56) و بالا­تر (بقیه ژنوتیپ­ها) قرار داد. در هر دو شرایط عادی و تنش خشکی همواره بیشترین عملکرد دانه و روغن به ژنوتیپ­های Mexico189، K.H.Y.2، K.M.S.38، گل­مهر و Mexico295 تعلق گرفت. به­نظر می­رسد این لاین­ها برای کشت در اراضی کم­بازده و شور با شرایط اقلیمی مشابه منطقه آزمایش (در سیستم اقلیم­بندی کوپن سرد و نیمه خشک)، مناسب باشند.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Evaluation of Yield Components, Seed and Oil Yields of Safflower Fall Genotypes under Water Deficit Stress during Reproductive Period

نویسندگان [English]

  • Bahman Pasban Eslam 1
  • Amir Hasan Omidi 2
چکیده [English]

      The present research was done in order to evaluate the agronomical characteristics and to select drought tolerant safflower fall genotypes for cultivation in saline and marginal lands. The experiment was carried out in the East Azarbaijan Agriculture and Natural Resources Research and Education Center with saline soil (6.7 dS m-1), during 2017-18 cropping season. The experiment was conducted as split plot based on a randomized complete blocks design with three replications. The experimental factors included drought stress with two levels: non-stressed and drought stress from flowering stage to maturity and safflower varieties and lines in 15 levels. The results indicated that drought from flowering stage by decreasing grain number per capitulum and 1000-seeds weight, significantly decreased the grain and oil yields in fall genotypes of safflower. It is concluded that drought stress diminished the seed and oil yields by decreasing grain number in capitulum and 1000-seeds weight. Significant differences were seen among genotypes in these portions of seed yield. The results of grouping genotypes by cluster analysis and ward method, located them in two low (Parnian, K.H.Y.23 and K.M.S.56) and high (other genotypes) yielding groups. The highest amounts seed and oil yields belonged to Mexico189, K.H.Y.2, K.M.S.38, Golemehr and Mexico295 in drought stress and non-stressed conditions. It seems that these genotypes could be used to cultivate in marginal and saline lands with similar climate to experimental location (semi-arid and cold climate according to Koppen climatic classification system).
 

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Drought Stress
  • Fall Safflower
  • Oil Percent
  • Saline Lands
  • Seed Filling
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