اجزای عملکرد، کیفیت نیام و دانه لوبیا سبز در شرایط تنش کم‌آبی و محلول‌پاشی اسید سالیسیلیک و مگافول

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه علوم باغبانی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه زنجان

2 گروه مهندسی آب، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه زنجان

3 گروه باغبانی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه زنجان

چکیده

به ­منظور بررسی اثر محلول­پاشی اسید سالیسیلیک و مگافول بر شاخص­های کیفی و کمی نیام و دانه لوبیا سبز رقم سانری تحت تنش کم­آبی، آزمایشی بصورت کرت­های خرد شده بر پایه بلوک­های کامل تصادفی در مزرعه تحقیقاتی دانشگاه زنجان در سال 1394 انجام شد. تیمارهای آزمایش شامل آبیاری 100، 75 و 50 درصد نیاز آبی گیاه و تیمار محلول‌پاشی برگی اسید سالیسیلیک (5/0، 1 و 5/1 میلی­مولار) و مگافول (1/0، 2/0 و 3/0 درصد) بود. نتایج نشان داد که تنش کم­آبی بطور معنی­داری طول نیام، وزن تر نیام، تعداد دانه در نیام و عملکرد نیام و دانه، محتوای نسبی آب برگ و غلظت عناصر نیتروزن، فسفر و پتاسیم را کاهش داد. اعمال تنش کم­آبی 75 و 50 درصد آبی گیاه به ترتیب باعث کاهش 6/67 و 94 درصد عملکرد نیام شدند. محلول­پاشی اسید سالیسلیک و مگافول، عملکرد و کیفیت نیام و دانه، غلظت عناصر ومحتوای نسبی آب برگ را بهبود بخشید. به­طوری که بیشترین مقدار عملکرد نیام (3/13625 کیلوگرم در هکتار)، تعداد نیام در بوته (69/7)، عملکرد دانه (87/4303 کیلوگرم در هکتار)، عملکرد پروتئین (8/671 کیلوگرم در هکتار) و عملکرد کربوهیدرات (7/3356 کیلوگرم در هکتار)  با محلول­پاشی مگافول 2/0 درصد در شرایط آبیاری 100 درصد حاصل شد. بیشترین درصد کربوهیدرات (9/55 و 25/55 ) با محلول­پاشی مگافول 2/0 درصد به ترتیب در شرایط آبیاری 75 و 50 درصد نیاز آبی گیاه مشاهده شد. با توجه به نتایج، محلول­پاشی اسید سالیسیلیک 5/1 میلی­مولار و مگافول 2/0 درصد در شرایط آبیاری نرمال و تنش کم­آبی جهت بهبود عملکرد و کیفیت نیام و دانه پیشنهاد می­شود.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Pod and Seed Yield and Quality of Common Bean under Water Deficit Stress and Foliar Application of Salicylic Acid and Megafol

نویسندگان [English]

  • Zeinab Hoseini 1
  • Taher Barzegar 1
  • Jafar Nikbakht 2
  • Zahra Ghahremani 3
چکیده [English]

In order to study the effects of salicylic acid (SA) and megafol (MF), on pod and seed yield and quality of common bean cv. Sanry under water deficit stress, the field experiment was conducted in split plot based on randomized complete block design with three replications. Three different irrigation regimes (33, 66 and 100% ETc) and foliar application of SA (0.5, 1 and 1.5 mM) and megafol (0, 0.1, 0.2 and 0.3 percent) were conducted. The results showed that water deficit stress significantly reduced pod lengh, pod fresh weight, seed number per pod, pod and seed yield, leaf relative water content and nitogen, phosphor and potassium contents. Water deficit stress reduced pod yield of 67.6% in 75% ETc and 94% in 50% ETc. Foliar application of SA and MF improved yield and quality of seed and pod, leaf relative water content and nutrient contents. The highest pod yield (13625.3 kg.ha-1), number of pods per plant (7.69), seed yield (4303.87 kg.ha-1), protein yield (671.8 kg.ha-1), carbohydrate yield (3356.7 kg.ha-1) was obtained with application of MF 0.2% under irrigation 100% ETc. The maximum value of carbohydrates (55.9 and 55.25%) was observed with application of MF 0.2% under irrigation 75 and 50% ETc, respectively. According to the results, the application of SA 1.5 mM and MF 0.2% can be proposed to improve yield and quality of pod under normal irrigation and water deficit stress.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Carbohydrate
  • Irrigation
  • Protein
  • Relative Water Content
  • Seed Weight
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