واکنش برخی ارقام بهاره و پاییزه کلزا به تاریخ‌کاشت معمول و تاخیری

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان کرمانشاه، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، کرمانشاه، ایران

2 گروه مهندسی کشاورزی، دانشگاه هرمزگان، بندرعباس. ایران

3 موسسه تحقیقات اصلاح و تهیه نهال و بذر، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، کرج، ایران

چکیده

چکیده
اهداف: مطالعه حاضر با هدف بررسی تأثیر تاریخ کاشت معمول و تأخیری بر صفات مهم زراعی برخی ارقام پاییزه و بهاره کلزا در دو سال زراعی انجام شد.
 
مواد و روش­ها: آزمایش به‌صورت کرت‌های یک بار خرد شده بر پایه بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی با چهار تکرار در ایستگاه تحقیقات کشاورزی اسلام آباد غرب انجام شد. تاریخ‌های کشت شامل پنج مهر و 25 مهر به‌عنوان عامل اصلی و ارقام شامل هایولا 401، ظفر، آرجی اس003، ساری گل، اکاپی و طلایه به عنوان عامل فرعی بودند.
 
یافته­ها: نتایج تجزیه واریانس نشان داد که اثر تأخیر در کاشت تنها بر صفات تعداد روز تا رسیدگی فیزیولوژیک و ارتفاع بوته معنی­دار بود. عملکرد دانه در اثر تأخیر در کشت در سال اول و دوم آزمایش به ترتیب 4/34 و 85/29 درصد کاهش یافت. این کاهش حاصل تأثیرپذیری اجزای عملکرد دانه در اثر تأخیر در کاشت بود به‌طوری‌که تعداد خورجین در بوته به‌عنوان مهم‌ترین قسمت عملکرد دانه در کلزا در اثر تأخیر در کاشت در سال اول و دوم اجرای آزمایش به ترتیب 7/32 و 2/30 درصد کاهش یافت. مقایسه میانگین داده‌ها نشان داد که ارقام پاییزه اوکاپی و طلایه به ترتیب با 5096 و 4906 کیلوگرم در هکتار دارای بیشترین عملکرد دانه بودند.
 
نتیجه گیری: در پایان قابل ذکر است که اوکاپی و طلایه ارقام مناسبی برای منطقه هستند و همچنین هر گونه تاخیر در کاشت موجب کاهش عملکرد نسبت به شرایط معمول می­گردد ولی با درنظر گرفتن سایر مسائل موجود می­توان از این کاهش عملکرد چشم پوشی نمود.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Response of Some Fall and Spring Type Rapeseed Cultivars to Normal and Late Planting Date

نویسندگان [English]

  • Asadolah Zareei Siahbidi 1
  • Abbas Rezaeizad 1
  • Ashkan Asgari 2
  • Amir Hossein Shirani Rad 3
چکیده [English]

Abstract
Objectives: The present study aimed to the effect of late and normal sowing date on agronomic characteristics of some spring and fall rapeseed cultivars was evaluated during two years.
Material and methods: A field experiment in a split plot based on a randomized complete block design was carried out with four replications at the research station of Islam abad-gharb. Main factor was planting date in two levels including September 27 and October 17 and sub factor was rapeseed cultivars including Okapi, Talaye, hyola 401, Zafar, RGS003 and sarigol.
 
Results: The results of variance analysis showed that the effect of late planting was significant only on days to flowering and plant height. Grain yield decreased by 34.4% and 29.85%, due to the delay in planting date in the first and second year of the experiment, respectively. This decrease was due to the effect of late planting date on yield components, so that decrease in the number of pods per plant as the most important component of grain yield in rapeseed in the first and second years of the experiment was 32.7 and 30.2%, respectively. The results showed that the cultivars had significant differences for number of days to flowering, flowering duration, number of days to physiological maturity, plant height, number of pods per plant, grain yield and seed oil percentage. The mean of the data showed that Okapi and Talayeh as fall type cultivars had the highest grain yield with 5096 and 4906 kg ha-1 respectively.
 
Conclusion: Okapi and Talaie are suitable cultivars for the study area. Also, any delay in planting causes yields reduced compared to normal conditions. However, considering other existing issues can be ignored reduction in performance.
 
 

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Genotype
  • Rapeseed
  • Seed Yield
  • Planting date

مراجع

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دانش کشاورزی وتولید پایدار
دوره 30، شماره 2
تیر 1399
صفحه 59-69

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