تأثیر کاربرد آمونیوم سولفات و پتاسیم سولفات بر عملکرد دانه و روغن کاملینا (Camelina sativa L.) تحت شرایط تنش خشکی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه امور باغبانی و زراعی، واحد علوم تحقیقات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران

2 موسسه تحقیقات اصلاح و تهیه نهال و بذر، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، کرج، ایران

چکیده

چکیده
اهداف: به‎منظور بررسی تأثیر کودهای سولفات آمونیوم و سولفات پتاسیم بر صفات زراعی، عملکرد دانه، درصد و عملکرد روغن کاملینا تحت تنش خشکی، یک آزمایش دو ساله در کرج انجام شد.
 
مواد و روش‎ها: آزمایش بصورت کرت خرد شده-فاکتوریل در قالب طرح بلوک کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار به انجام رسید و رژیم‎های آبیاری شامل آبیاری کامل، قطع آبیاری از مراحل کپسول‎دهی و مرحله گلدهی در کرت‎های اصلی و ترکیب کودهای سولفات آمونیوم (0، 25، 50 و 75 کیلوگرم در هکتار) و سولفات پتاسیم (0، 25، 50 و 75 کیلوگرم در هکتار) در کرت‎های فرعی قرار گرفتند.
 
یافته‎ها: تعداد کپسول در بوته، طول کپسول، تعداد دانه در کپسول، وزن هزار دانه، عملکرد بیولوژیک، عملکرد دانه، شاخص برداشت، درصد و عملکرد روغن تحت تأثیر برهمکنش آبیاری × سولفات پتاسیم × سولفات آمونیوم قرار گرفتند. نتایج نشان داد عملکرد دانه، درصد روغن و عملکرد روغن دانه در شرایط قطع آبیاری از مرحله کپسول‎دهی به ترتیب 46، 5/8 و 2/51 درصد، و از مرحله گلدهی 51، 7/18 و 7/78 درصد نسبت به آبیاری کامل کاهش یافتند. در بین تیمارهای کودی بیشترین عملکرد دانه، محتوای روغن و عملکرد روغن به ترتیب با میانگین 1950 کیلوگرم در هکتار، 8/31 درصد و 643 کیلوگرم در هکتار متعلق به کاربرد 75 کیلوگرم در هکتار سولفات پتاسیم+75 کیلوگرم در هکتار سولفات آمونیم بود.
 
نتیجه‎گیری: بطور کلی، برای دستیابی به بیشترین عملکرد دانه و روغن کاملینا، بهتر است کشت در شرایط آبیاری کامل با کاربرد سولفات پتاسیم (75 کیلوگرم در هکتار) بعلاوه سولفات آمونیوم (75 کیلوگرم در هکتار) انجام شود.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Investigating the Effect of Ammonium Sulfate and Potassium Sulfate Application on seed and Oil Yields of Camelina (Camelina sativa L.) under Late-Season Drought Stress

نویسندگان [English]

  • Neda Amiri-Darban 1
  • Ghorban Nourmohammadi 1
  • Amir Hosein Shirani Rad 2
  • Seyed Mohammad Javad Mirhadi 1
  • Islam Majidi Heravan 1
چکیده [English]

Abstract
Background & Objective: A two-year experiment was carried out in Karaj to investigate the effect of potassium sulfate and ammonium sulfate fertilizers on agronomic traits, seed yield, oil content and yield of camelina under drought stress conditions.
 
Materials &  Methods: The experimental design was split plot-factorial in an RCBD with three replications. Irrigation regimes as full irrigation, irrigation interruptions from silicle formation and flowering stages in the main plots and combine of potassium sulfate (0, 25, 50, and 75 kg.ha-1) and ammonium sulfate (0, 25, 50, and 75 kg.ha-1) fertilizers in the sub plots.
 
Results: The number of silicle/plant, silicle length, number of seed/silicle, 1000-seed weight, biological yield, seed yield, harvest index, and oil content and yield were affected by a three-way interaction between irrigation regime × potassium sulfate × ammonium sulfate. When compared with full irrigation regime, the seed yield, oil content, and oil yield were decreased by 46, 8.5, and 51.2% in the irrigation interruption from the silicle formation stage, and by 51, 7.18, and 78.7% in the irrigation interruption from the flowering stage, respectively. The highest seed yield, oil content, and oil yield among the fertilizer treatments belonged to the application of 75 kg.ha-1 potassium sulfate+75 kg.ha-1 ammonium sulfate fertilizer treatment with an average of 1950 kg.ha-1, 31.8%, and 643 kg.ha-1, respectively.
 
Conclusion: In general, camelina should be cultivated in the full irrigation conditions and treated with the potassium sulfate (75 kg.ha-1) + ammonium sulfate (75 kg.ha-1) fertilizers for achieving the maximum seed and oil yields.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Fertilization
  • Irrigation Interruption
  • Oilseed
  • Sulfate
  • Yield Components
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