تعیین مناسب‏ترین آرایش کشت لوبیا چیتی (Phaseolus vulgaris) با تأکید بر کاهش بذر مصرفی و بهبود شاخص‏های انرژی به روش آبیاری قطره ‏ای

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز، بخش تحقیقات فنی و مهندسی، مرکز تحقیقات وآموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان مرکزی، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، اراک، ایران

2 گروه بیوسیستم، دانشگاه شهید چمران، اهواز

چکیده

چکیده
اهداف: هدف از این مطالعه بررسی اثر روش‌های مختلف کاشت لوبیا روی پشته همراه با آبیاری قطره‌ای و مقادیر مختلف مصرف بذر بر عملکرد دانه و شاخص‌های انرژی می‌باشد.
 
مواد و روش‌ها: به منظور بررسی اثر روش کاشت و مقادیر مختلف مصرف بذر بر عملکرد و شاخص‏های مصرف انرژی در لوبیا چیتی لاین COS-16، آزمایشی به صورت طرح کرت خرد شده در قالب طرح بلوک‏های کامل تصادفی در سه تکرار در سال‏های زراعی 95 و 96 در ایستگاه تحقیقات لوبیای خمین انجام شد. کرت‏ اصلی شامل چهار روش کشت مسطح، کشت یک، دو و سه ردیف روی پشته و کرت فرعی شامل سه مقدار مصرف بذر 70، 120 و 170 کیلوگرم در هکتار بود. فاصله بین پشته‏ها 75 سانتی‏متر در نظر گرفته شد و آبیاری به روش قطره‏ای انجام شد.
 
یافته‌ها: تیمارهای الگوی کشت دو ردیف روی پشته با 120 کیلوگرم بذر مصرفی در هکتار و یک ردیف روی پشته با 70 کیلوگرم بذر مصرفی در هکتار به ترتیب با عملکرد 2300 و 2225 کیلوگرم در هکتار از سایر تیمارها بهتر بودند. کمترین شدت انرژی با مقدار 34 مگاژول بر کیلوگرم و بیشترین نسبت انرژی با مقدار 99/0 نیز مربوط به این دو تیمار می‏باشد. شدت انرژی در روش مرسوم، برابر با 7/53 مگاژول بر کیلوگرم و نسبت انرژی آن برابر با 63/0 به دست آمد.
 
نتیجه‌گیری: روش کشت یک و دو ردیف روی پشته به ترتیب با 70 و 120 کیلوگرم بذر مصرفی در هکتار توصیه‌ می‌شوند و روش کشت سه ردیف روی پشته و کشت مسطح توصیه نمی‏شوند.
 
 

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Determination of the Best Planting Pattern of Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) with Emphasis on Reduing of Seed Consumption and Improving Energy Indices in Microirrigation Method

نویسندگان [English]

  • Abolfazl Hedayatipour 1
  • Abbas Asakereh 2
چکیده [English]

Abstract
Objective & Background: The aims of this study were to investigate the effects of planting methods on riased bed with microirrigation and seed density on grain yeild and energy indicators of bean production.
 
Materials & Methods: In order to compare the effect of planting methods and seed density on bean line of COS-16 (Straight Type), a split plot experiment in randomized complete block design was carried out in Khomein Bean Research Station during 2016 and 2017 with 3 replications. The main plots were flat planting, single row on a ridge, double rows on a ridge and three rows on a ridges. Sub plots were seed consumption of 70, 120 and 170 kg.ha-1. The space between ridges was 75 Cm. Irrigation type was microirrigation (tape irrigation).
 
Results: Experiment results showed that the treatments of two rows on a ridge with seed consumption of 120 kg.ha-1 and single row on a ridge with seed consumption of 70 kg.ha-1 with yields of 2300 and 2225 kg.ha-1, respectively are beter than other methods. The lowest energy intensity with 34 MJ.kg-1 and the high energy ratio with 0.99 were related to these treatments. Energy intensity and energy ratio of conventional method were 53.7 MJ.kg-1 and 0.63 respectively.
 
Conclusion: The treatments of two rows on a ridge with seed consumption of 120 kg.ha-1 and single row on a ridge with seed consumption of 70 kg.ha-1 are recommended and the flat and three rows on a ridge planting methods does not recommended. 

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Bean
  • Flat Planting
  • Energy Intensity
  • Energy Ratio
  • Raised bed Planting
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