بررسی واکنش هیبریدهای وارداتی و ژنوتیپ‌های آزاد گرده افشان کلزا به مقدار مصرف بذر

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 بخش تحقیقات زراعی و باغی، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان کرمانشاه، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، کرمانشاه، ایران.

2 گروه مهندسی کشاورزی، دانشگاه هرمزگان، بندرعباس. ایران

چکیده

اهداف: مطالعه حاضر به منظور تعیین مناسب­ترین مقدار مصرف بذر در برخی از هیبریدهای وارداتی و ارقام آزاد گرده افشان انجام شد.
 
مواد و روش­ها: آزمایش به‌صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح بلوک­های کامل تصادفی در ایستگاه تحقیقاتی اسلام آباد غرب طی سال زراعی 98-1397 اجرا گردید. مقدار مصرف بذر شامل چهار سطح 2، 4، 6 و 8 کیلوگرم در هکتار و ارقام شامل سه هیبرید وارداتی (ناتالی، نپتون و ماراتن)، سه رقم آزاد گرده‌افشان (نفیس، روهان، نیما) و لاین R15 بود.
 
یافته­ها: نتایج نشان داد که مقدار مصرف بذر بر ارتفاع بوته، تعداد شاخه، تعداد خورجین در بوته و عملکرد دانه اثر معنی­دار داشت. با افزایش مقدار مصرف بذر، مقادیر ارتفاع بوته افزایش یافت و بیشترین ارتفاع بوته در سطح 8 کیلوگرم بذر مصرفی بدست آمد و اختلاف آن با سایرین معنی­دار بود. در حالی‌که بیشترین مقادیر تعداد شاخه فرعی و تعداد خورجین در بوته در کمترین مقدار بذر مصرفی (2 کیلوگرم در هکتار) حاصل شد. عملکرد دانه واکنش متفاوتی به مقدار بذر مصرفی داشت، به‌طوری‌که بیشترین عملکرد دانه کلزا با میانگین 2919 کیلوگرم در هکتار در سطح 6 کیلوگرم بذر مصرفی حاصل گردید البته اختلاف سطوح 4، 6 و 8 کیلوگرم مصرف بذر معنی­دار نبود. بیشترین مقدار عملکرد دانه مربوط به هیبرید ماراتن با میانگین عملکرد 3585 کیلوگرم در هکتار بود. درصد روغن نیز بین ارقام مورد مطالعه متفاوت بود و بیشترین مقدار در ناتالی، نپتون و نیما بدست آمد.
 
نتیجه گیری: در کل مقدار مصرف بذر 6 کیلوگرم در هکتار و هیبرید ماراتن بهترین نتایج را به همراه داشتند و توصیه می­گردد که تراکم در بذور هیبرید کمتر از بذور آزاد گرده افشان در نظر گرفته شود.
 
 

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Response of Oilseed Rape Hybrids and Open Pollinated Genotypes to Seeding Rate

نویسندگان [English]

  • Asadolah Zareei Siahbidi 1
  • Ashkan Asgari 2
چکیده [English]

Background and Objective: The present study was carried out to determine the seeding rate for some hybrids and open-pollinated genotypes.
 
Materials and Methods: A field experiment ina factorial experiment based on randomized complete block design was conducted at the Islamabad-Gharb Research Station during 2018-2019. Seed consumption was four levels of 2, 4, 6 and 8 kg.ha-1 and cultivars include hybrids (Natalie, Neptune and Marathon), open-pollinated (Nafis, Rohan, Nima) and R15 line.
 
Results: The results showed that the effect of seed consumption was significant on plant height, number of branches, pod per plant and seed yield. The Maximum plant height was obtained at the level of 8 kg of seed and it was significantly different from all other seed consumption. However, the highest number of shoots and pods per plant resulted in the lowest seed density. Seed yield had a different reaction to seed consumption. The highest seed yield was obtained at 6 kg per ha seed consumption (2919 kg.ha-1) However, there was no significant difference between the levels of 4, 6 and 8 kg.ha-1. Marathon produced the highest seed yield with an average of 3585 kg per ha. Oil content was also different between the cultivars and the highest percentage was obtained in Natalie, Neptune and Nima.
 
Conclusion: In general, the best results were in seed consumption of 6 kg/ha and Marathon hybrid. The target density recommendations for hybrid seed are lower than open pollinated genotypes.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Genotype
  • Oil Percent
  • Plant Density
  • Phenology
  • Seed Yield
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