ضرورت تغییر تیپ‌های بهره‌وری رایج منطقه هوراند

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه علوم و مهندسی خاک، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تبریز

2 مرکز آموزش عالی شهید باکری میاندوآب، دانشگاه ارومیه

چکیده

اهداف: ارزیابی تناسب اراضی با بررسی لزوم تداوم یا تغییر کشت­ها از اولین گام­های کشاورزی پایدار می­باشد که به­منظور توسعه این مهم در منطقه هوراند مطالعه حاضر انجام شد. همچنین ابعاد مختلف روش­های کیفی و کمّی تناسب اراضی جهت تعیین و بهبود سنجه­های دخیل در ارزیابی کشاورزی پایدار بحث شد.
 
مواد و روش­ها: با تهیه اطلاعات اقلیم، زمین­نما و خاک، ارزیابی تناسب اراضی تیپ­های بهره­وری رایج منطقه شامل گندم دیم  وآبی و پیاز با دو روش کیفی و کمّی صورت گرفت. آزمون مربع­کای، همبستگی پیرسون و رابطه رگرسیونی به­منظور تعیین صحت و دقت روش ارزیابی صورت گرفت. پهنه­بندی تناسب منطقه برای تیپ­های بهره­وری مختلف انجام و ضمن تفسیر نقشه­های خروجی، سطح مدیریت منطقه تحلیل شد.
 
یافته­ها: محدودیت­های غالب اقلیم و شیب در سطح منطقه منجر به کلاس­های تناسب N برای گندم دیم، S1 تا N برای گندم آبی و S3 و N برای پیاز در روش­های کیفی و کمّی شده­اند، هر چند سایر فاکتورهای مورد بررسی نیز در برخی موارد دارای محدودیت بوده­اند. بررسی­های آماری مؤید صحت روش ارزیابی است. سطح مدیریت متوسط و پایین محاسبه شده در تطابق با شواهد میدانی می­باشد.
 
نتیجه­گیری: نامناسب بودن و در برخی موارد تناسب کم منطقه لزوم تغییر کشت محصولات رایج منطقه را نشان می­دهد. در شرایطی که محدودیت­ها شدید و کلاس اراضی نامتناسب باشد تفاوت چندانی در نتایج حاصل از روش­های کمّی و کیفی ارزیابی دیده نمی­شود. در تعیین شاخص مدیریت اراضی عوامل محیطی و مدیریتی غیرمستقیم دخیل در محدودیت­ها در کنار مقادیر تولید بایستی مدنظر قرار گیرند.   
 
 

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Common Utilization Types Change Urgency in Horand Region

نویسندگان [English]

  • Hossein Rezaei 1
  • Samira Rasouli 1
  • Moslem Servati 2
  • , Aliasghar Jafarzadeh 1
چکیده [English]

Background & Objective: In this research work, land suitability as one of the first step in sustainable agriculture was done to find urgency of utilization type change in Horand region. Also, different aspects of qualitative and quantitative land suitability methods were discussed to determine and improve the involved criteria in sustainable agriculture evaluation.
 
Materials & Methods: Qualitative and quantitative land suitability of common utilization types in study area such as rainfed and irrigated wheat and onion carried out by providing climate, landscape and soil information. Chi-square test, Pearson correlation and Regression relationship were performed to test accuracy and validity of evaluation methods. The suitability zoning of study area was completed for different land utilization types and behind interpretation output maps, the management level was analyzed.
 
Results: Dominant climate and slope limitation with other studied factors which had role in decrease of suitability in some case, caused to suitability classes of N for rainfed wheat, S1to N for irrigated wheat and N for onion. Statistical studies confirm the accuracy of the evaluation methods. Determined middle and low levels of managements are keeping with field conditions.
 
Conclusion: Unsuitability and in some cases low suitability of the region, indicates the urgency of change in common utilization type. There isn’t so important difference between qualitative and quantitative suitability evaluation methods in high limitation with unsuitable class. Environmental and management factors which have indirect effects on limitations should be considered behind yield value in land management index determining.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • FAO
  • Land Suitability Evaluation
  • Onion
  • Sustainable Agriculture
  • Wheat

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دانش کشاورزی وتولید پایدار
دوره 30، شماره 4
دی 1399
صفحه 327-339

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