اثر پرایمینگ بذر و محلول پاشی روی بر عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد دو رقم گندم پاییزه

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه بوعلی سینا

چکیده

         به منظور بررسی اثر پرایمینگ بذر و محلول پاشی روی بر عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد دو رقم گندم، آزمایشی به صورت اسپلیت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح پایه بلوک کامل تصادفی در مزرعه تحقیقاتی دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه بوعلی سینا در سال زراعی 88-87 انجام شد. از دو رقم گندم ( توس و الوند)، سه تیمار پرایم شامل شاهد (بدون پرایم) پرایم با آب و پرایم با سولفات روی با غلظت 3/0 درصد و چهار تیمار محلول پاشی سولفات روی با غلظت 5/1 در هزار شامل شاهد ( بدون محلول پاشی )، محلول پاشی در مرحله پنجه زنی، مرحله آبستنی و هر دو مرحله پنجه زنی و آبستنی استفاده شد. نتایج نشان داد بین ارقام تفاوت معنی داری در خصوص صفاتی مانند ماده خشک کل، عملکرد دانه، وزن هزار دانه، تعداد سنبلچه در هر سنبله و تعداد دانه در هر سنبله وجود داشته و رقم الوند نسبت به رقم توس بیشترین میانگین صفات را به خود اختصاص داد. محلول پاشی در مرحله پنجه زنی و هر دو مرحله پنجه زنی+ آبستنی نسبت به تیمار شاهد (بدون محلول پاشی) عملکرد دانه را به ترتیب 7/9 و 13 درصد و عملکرد ماده خشک کل را 1/10 و 7/14 درصد افزایش داد. پرایم با آب و پرایم با سولفات روی 3/0 درصد نسبت به تیمار شاهد (بدون پرایم) عملکرد دانه را به ترتیب 9/6 و 2/2 درصد و عملکرد ماده خشک کل را 9 و 3/3 درصد افزایش داد. بیشترین عملکرد دانه با محلول پاشی سولفات روی در مراحل پنجه زنی و آبستنی و پرایم با آب بدست آمد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of seed Priming and Foliar Application of Zinc on Yield and Yield Components of two wheat Cultivars

نویسندگان [English]

  • M Manarifard
  • A Sepehri
چکیده [English]

In order to study the effect of seed priming and zinc foliar application on yield and yield components of wheat a split factorial experiment based on randomized complete block design was conducted in 2008-2009 growing seasons in research farm of  Bu-Ali Sina University. Main factor was including four foliar applications of zinc sulfate as the main plot and two wheat cultivars (Toos and Alvand) and three priming treatments including priming with water and priming with zinc sulfate and control (no priming) as sub-plot. Four foliar application treatments including control (no foliar application), foliar application at tillering, booting and both tillering and booting stages were used. The results showed that total dry matter, grain yield, 1000 grain weight, spikelet number per spike and grain number per spike significantly affected by foliar application of zinc, priming and cultivars. Maximum value of mean traits in alvand cultivar was more than the Toos cultivar. Compared to control (no foliar application), foliar application at tillering stage and both tillering and booting stages increased grain yield up to 9.7 and 13% and total dry matter up to 10.7 and 14.7%, respectively. Priming with water and zinc sulfate increased grain yield up to 6.9 and 2.2% and total dry matter up to 9.0 and 3.3%, respectively. There was a significant interaction effect between foliar application and priming on total dry matter, grain yield and 1000 grain weight. The highest grain yield was observed at the both tillering and booting stages of zinc foliar application and priming with water. 

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Foliar Application
  • Priming
  • Wheat
  • Yield
  • Zn

مراجع

Ali S, Khan R, Mairaj G, Arif M, Fida M and Bibi, S, 2008. Assessment of different crop nutrient management practices for yield improvement. Australian Journals of Crop Science, 2(3): 150-157.
Alloway BJ, 2009. Soil factors associated with zinc deficiency in crops and humans. Environ Geochem Health, 31: 537-548.
Ajouri A, Asgedom H and Becker M, 2004.  Seed priming enhances germination and seedling growth of barley under conditions of P and Zn deficiency. Journal of Plant Nutrition Soil Science, 167: 630–636.
Bagci SA, Ekiz H, Yilmaz A and Cakmak, I, 2007. Effect of zinc deficiency and drought on grain yield of field-grown wheat cultivars in Central Anatolia. Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science, 193: 198–206.
Duman I, 2006. Effects of seed priming with PEG or K3P on Germination and seedling Growth in Lettuce. Pakistan Journal of Biological Science, 9(5): 923-928.
El-Ghamry AM, Abd El-Hamid AM and Mosa AA, 2009. Effect of Farmyard Manure and Foliar Application of Micronutrients on Yield Characteristics of Wheat Grown on Salt Affected Soil. American-Eurasian Journal. Agric. & Environ. Science, 5 (4): 460-465.
Fageria NK, 2009.  The use of nutrients in crop plants. New York. CRC Press is an imprint of Taylor & Francis Group, an Informa Business, PP. 430.
FAO, 2004. FAOSTAT Production Statistics , Food and Agriculture Organisation, Rome.
Giri GS and Schillinger WF, 2003. Seed priming winter wheat for germination, emergence and yield. Crop Science, 43: 2135-2141.
Ghorbani S, Khiabani BN, Amini I, Ardakani MR, Pirdashti H and Moakhar SR, 2009.  Effect of iron and zinc on yield and yield components of mutant lines wheat”. Asian Journal of Biological Sciences, 2(3): 74-80.
Graham RD, 2008.Micronutrient deficiencies in crops and their global significance. Pp. 41–61. In: Alloway BJ (eds). Micronutrient deficiencies in global crop production  Dordrecht: Springer.
Harris D, 2006. Development and testing of ‘on-farm’ seed priming. Advance In Agronomy, 90: 129–178.
Harris D, Rashid A, Miraj G, Arif M and Shah H, 2007. Priming seeds with zinc sulphate solution increases yields of maize (Zea mais L.) on zinc-deficient soils. Field Crops Reserch. 102:119–127.
Harris D, Rashid A, Miraj G, Arif  M and Yunas M, 2008. On-farm seed priming with zinc in chickpea and wheat in Pakistan. Plant Soil, 306: 3-10.
Hemantarajan A and Gray OK, 1988. Iron and zinc fertilization with reference to grain quality of Triticum aestivum L. Journal of Plant Nutrition, 11: 1439-1450.
Hussain N, Khan MA and Javad MA, 2005. Effect of foliar application of plant micronutrient mixture on growth and yield of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Pakistan Journal of Biological Sciences, 8 (8): 1096- 1099.
IRRI, 2000. Nutritional Disorders and Nutrient Management in Rice. Inter. Rice Res. Ins. Manila, Philippines.
Khan, A. A., Szafirowaska, A., Satriyas, I., and Ptasznik, W, 1995. Presowing seed condition to improve stand establishment and yield of vegetables. Horticulture Science. 36, 438-451.
Khan MA, Fuller MP and Baloch FS,  2008. Effect of soil applied zinc sulfate on wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) grown on a calcareous soil Pakistan. Cereal Research Communications, 36(4): 571-582.
Malakouti MJ, 2007. Zinc is a neglected element in the life cycle of plants. Middle Eastern and Russian Journal of Plant Science and Biotechnology, 1(1): 1-12.
Malakouti MJ, 2008.The effect of micronutrients in ensuring efficient use of macronutrients. Turkish Journal of agriculture and Forestry, 32: 215-220.
Murungu FS, Chiduza C, Nyamugafata P, Clark LJ and Whalley WR, 2004.  Effect of on-farm seed priming on emergence, growth and yield of cotton and maize in a semi-arid area of Zimbabwe. Experimental Agriculture, 40: 23-36.
Pahlavan-Rad MR and Pessarakli M, 2009. Response of wheat plants to zinc, iron, and manganese applications and uptake and concentration of zinc, iron, and manganese in wheat grains. Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis, 40: 1322-1332.
Rengel Z and Graham RD, 1995. Importance of seed zinc content for wheat growth on zinc deficient soil. Plant and Soil, 173: 267-274.
Romheld V and Marschner H, 1991. Function of micronutrients in plants. p. 297-328. In: Mortvedth JJ (Eds) Micronutrients in agriculture. SSSA Book Ser. 4. SSSA Madison, WI.
 
Seadh SE, El-Abady MI, El-Ghamry AM and Farouk S, 2009. Influence of micronutrients foliar application and nitrogen fertilization on wheat yield and quality of grain and seed. Journal of Biological Sciences, 9(8): 851-858.
Slaton NA, Wilson CE, Ntamatungiro S, Norman RJ and Boothe DL, 2001.  Evaluation of zinc seed treatments for rice. Agronomy Journal, 93:152–157.
Yilmaz A, Ekiz H, Torun B, Gultekin I, Karanlik S, Bagci SA and Cakmak I, 1997.  Effect of different zinc application methods on grain yield and zinc concentration in wheat grown on zinc-deficient calcareous soils in Central Anatolia. Journal of Plant Nutrition, 20: 461–471.
Ziaeian AH and Malakouti MJ, 2001. Effects of Fe, Mn, Zn and Cu fertilization of wheat in the calcareous soils of Iran. Pp.840-841. In: Horst WJ (eds). Plant Nutrition-Food Security and Sustainability of Agro-Ecosystems. 

فایل ها

هم رسانی

ارجاع به این مقاله

آمار