بررسی صفات زراعی ارقام بهاره کلزا (Brassica napus L.) در پاسخ به تاریخ‌های کشت زمستانه در شرایط کاربرد عنصر روی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه زراعت، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد شهر قدس، تهران، ایران

2 استاد موسسه تحقیقات اصلاح و تهیه نهال و بذر، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، کرج، ایران.

3 گروه زراعت، واحد شهر قدس، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران

چکیده

اهداف:به منظور بررسی پاسخ ارقام بهاره کلزا به تاریخ های کشت زمستانه در شرایط کاربرد عنصر روی،آزمایشی دو ساله (97-95) در کرج انجام شد.
مواد و روش ها:آزمایش به صورت فاکتوریل اسپلت پلات در قالب طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار آزمایشی در دو سال (1397-1395)در استان البرز (کرج)انجام شد.فاکتورهای آزمایشی شامل تاریخ کاشت زمستانه در سه سطح (20/11، 30/11 و 10/12)و عامل روی در دو سطح(عدم کاربرد روی (محلول‌پاشی با آب خالص) و کاربرد روی (محلول‌پاشی در مرحله ساقه‌دهی)به صورت فاکتوریل در کرت‌های اصلی در نظر گرفته شد و فاکتور ارقام در چهار سطح(ساری گل، دلگان، سالسا و سولار)در کرت فرعی قرار گرفتند.
یافته ها:نتایج نشان داد تاریخ کاشت تأثیر معنی داری در سطح احتمال 1 درصد بر عملکرد،اجزاء عملکرد و روغن ارقام کلزا دارد.کشت تأخیری سبب کاهش محتوای کلروفیل برگ شد.همچنین اجزاء عملکرد کلزا در اثر تأخیر در کاشت و عدم کاربرد روی کاهش یافت که در نهایت موجب کاهش عملکرد دانه و روغن کلزا شد.ژنوتیپ‌های مورد آزمایش در تاریخ کشت (20 بهمن) بالاترین عملکرد را داشتند.بیشترین عملکرد روغن در رقم دلگان (2066 کیلوگرم در هکتار) بر اثر کاربرد عنصر روی در تاریخ کاشت 20 بهمن مشاهده شد.تاخیر در کاشت باعث افزایش گلیکوزینولات گردید.
نتیجه گیری:به طور کلی محلول پاشی روی،اثرات منفی تاخیر در کاشت را در اغلب صفات مورد مطالعه ارقام مختلف کلزا کاهش داد.با توجه به اثر کاربرد روی و سازگاری رقم دلگان به دامنه مشخصی از تاریخ کشت برای تولید کلزا در این منطقه و مناطق با آب و هوای مشابه قابل توصیه میباشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Investigation of agronomic traits of spring rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) cultivars in response to the winter planting dates by use of zinc application

نویسندگان [English]

  • Hamid Mozafari 1
  • Amir Hossein Shirani Rad 2
  • Ehsanollah Jalili 3
  • Behzad Sani 3
  • Faezeh Rajabzadeh 3
1 Department of Agronomy, Shahr-e-Qods Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
2 Professor of Seed and Plant Improvement Institute (SPII), Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran
3 Department of Agronomy, Shahr-e-Qods Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]

Background and Objective:To increase the quantitative yield of canola (Brassica napus L.),due to the interaction of zinc application in winter planting dates on spring canola cultivars.
Materials and Methods:The experiment was performed as a factorial split-plot in a randomized complete block design with three replications was conducted during two experimental years (2016-2017) in Alborz province (Karaj).Experimental factors including winter planting date in three levels (11.20, 11.30 and 12.10) and zinc factor in two levels (no application of zinc and application of zinc in stem elongation stage were considered as factorial in the main plots and factor cultivars were classified into four levels (Sarigol, Dalgan, Salsa and Solar) in the subplot.
Results:The results showed that planting date has a great impact on yield, yield components and oil of canola cultivars.Delayed culture reduced leaf chlorophyll concentration.Also the yield components of canola were reduced due to delay in planting and non-application of zinc,which eventually reduced the yield of canola seed and oil.The tested genotypes had the highest yield on the date of normal cultivation.The highest oil yield was observed in the Dalgan cultivar (2066 kg/ha) due to zinc application on normal cultivation.Delay in planting caused an increase in glucosinolate.
Conclusion:In general, foliar application of zinc,reduced the negative effects of delay in planting in most of the studied traits of different rapeseed cultivars.Due to the effect of zinc application and adaptation of Dalgan cultivar to a certain range of planting date for canola production in this area and areas with similar climates is recommended

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Grain yield
  • oil yield
  • Planting date
  • Rapeseed
  • Zinc spray

مراجع

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دانش کشاورزی وتولید پایدار
دوره 32، شماره 4
دی 1401
صفحه 99-113

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