کشاورزی شهری و اثر آن در توسعه پایدار شهری(نمونه موردی شهر تبریز)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 عضو هیات علمی دانشگاه تبریز

2 کارشناسی ارشد مهندسی فضای سبز، تبریز، دانشگاه تبریز، دانشکده کشاورزی

چکیده

اهداف: در سال‌های اخیر یکی از راهکارهای ایجاد شهر پایدار، حفظ و توسعه کشاورزی شهری بعنوان یکی ازالگوهای اصلی توسعه و پایداری اکولوژیکی که نقش اساسی در ایجاد تعادل اکولوژیکی شهری و همچنین ﯾﮑﯽ از ﺑﺨﺶﻫﺎی ﻣﻬﻢ اﻗﺘﺼﺎدی ﺑﻮده و ﻧﻘﺶ ﮐﻠﯿﺪی در اﯾﺠﺎد اﻣﻨﯿﺖ ﻏﺬاﯾﯽ و اﺷﺘﻐﺎل دارد، مورد توجه قرار گرفته است بنابراین هدف از این پژوهش بررسی تأثیرات اکولوژیکی و اقتصادی کشاورزی شهری بر پایداری محیط شهری می‌باشد.
مواد و روش‌ها: در این پژوهش تأثیرات اکولوژیکی و اقتصادی کشاورزی شهری بر پایداری محیط شهری با استفاده از منابع کتابخانه ای و تهیه پرسشنامه مورد بررسی قرار داده شده است. همچنین برای ارزیابی کارکرد زیست محیطی کشاورزی در شهر از نرم افزار شبیه ساز ENVI-met نیز استفاده شده است. در این تحقیق شهر تبریز بعنوان یکی از شهرهای بزرگ کشور برای بررسی این تغییرات انتخاب گردیده است و تغییرات فضاهای سبز شهری تبریز در طی دهه‌های گذشته مورد تحلیل و بررسی قرار گرفته است. برای ارزیابی این تغییرات از تصاویر ماهواره ای لندست استفاده گردیده است.
یافته‌ها: بررسی نتایج به دست آمده نشانگر این بوده است که با گسترش شهر به پیرامون و عمدتا بر روی فضاهای سبز و باغ‌های شهر، تغییرات عمده ای در میزان برخورداری فضاهای سبزصورت گرفته است. نتایج بررسی دو کارکرد اکولوژیکی و اقتصادی نشان‌دهنده آن است که تأثیر اکولوژیکی کشاورزی باعث بهبود شرایط محیطی و در نتیجه افزایش تولید و اشتغال‌زایی و بهبود امنیت غذایی جوامع شهری و وضعیت اقتصادی شهرها می‌شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Urban Agriculture and its Effect on Urban Sustainable Development (Case study Tabriz city)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Akbar Rahimi 1
  • Mahdiyeh Dahri 2
1 Academic member
2 – MSc in Landscape Engineering, Department of Landscape Engineering, agricultural Faculty, University of Tabriz,
چکیده [English]

one of the strategies for sustainable urban development, preservation and development of urban agriculture as one of the main patterns of ecological development and sustainability, which has been a key role in urban ecological balance as well as being a key role in the creation of food security and employment. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to investigate the ecological and economic effects of urban agriculture on the sustainability of the urban environment.
This study investigated the ecological and economic impacts of urban agriculture on urban environment sustainability using library resources and preparing a questionnaire and analyzing it with Spss software and ENVI-met simulator software has also been used to evaluate the environmental performance of agriculture in the city. In this study, the city of Tabriz has been selected as one of the major cities in the country to study these changes and the changes of Tabriz urban green spaces during the past decades have been analyzed and studied. Landsat satellite imagery has been used to evaluate these changes.
The study of the obtained results shows that with the expansion of the city to the surrounding area and mainly on the green spaces and gardens of the city, major changes have taken place in the amount of green spaces. The results of the study of both ecological and economic functions indicate that the ecological impact of agriculture improves environmental conditions, thereby increasing production, employment and improving food security of urban communities and improving the economic status of cities.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Sustainable development"
  • " Satellite image"
  • " Tabriz city"
  • " Urban green spaces"
  • " Urban agriculture
Ajilian Sh, Naemi F and Ghadmagahi N .2013. Investigating the importance of urban green spaces in order to achieve the goals of sustainable development, National Conference on Architecture, Urban Planning and Sustainable Development with a focus on indigenous architecture to sustainable city, Mashhad, Khavaran Higher Education Institute.
Artmann M and Breuste J.2014. Cities built for and by residents: soil sealing management in the eyes of urban dwellers in Germany. Journal of Urban Planning and Development. 141(3). A5014004.
Azani M and Abbasi M.2012. An Analysis of Position of Green Space in Sustainable Development Approach Using Entropy Coefficient and Williamson Model Case Study: Shiraz City. Journal of Geography and Planning, 16(42):1-22
 
Cahya D.2016. Analysis of urban agriculture sustainability in metropolitan Jakarta (Case study: Urban agriculture in Duri Kosambi). Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 227. 95-100.
Dieleman H.2017. Urban agriculture in Mexico City; balancing between ecological, economic, social and symbolic value. Journal of Cleaner Production, 163: S156-S163.
Drescher AW and Laquinta D.1999. "Urban and Periurban Agriculture: A New Challenge for The Unfood and Agriculture Organisation (Fao)."
Ferreira A, Guilherme R and Ferreira C.2018. Urban agriculture, a tool towards more resilient urban communities? Current Opinion in Environmental Science & Health, 5: 93-97.
Hamidi K and  Yaghoubi J .2015.  A Study of the History of Urban Agriculture and its Status in Different Countries of the World, 4th National Congress of Organic and Conventional Agriculture, Ardabil, Mohaghegh Ardabil University.
 
La Rosa D, Barbarossa L, Privitera R and Martinico F.2014. Agriculture and the city: A method for sustainable planning of new forms of agriculture in urban contexts. Land use policy, 41. 290-303.
Leeuwen V, Nijkamp P and Vaz N.2010. The multifunctional use of urban green space. International Journal of Agricultura Sustainability, 8(1&2):20-25
Loria K .2013. Community Garden Information Systems: Analyzing and Strengthening Community-Based Resource Sharing Networks. Journal of Extension, 51(2).
Mackay H.2018. Mapping and characterising the urban agricultural landscape of two intermediate-sized Ghanaian cities. Land use policy, 70: 182-197.
Mendes W, Balmer K, Kaethler T and Rhoads A.2008. Using land inventories to plan for urban agriculture experiences from Portland and Vancouver, Journal of the American Planning Association, 74(4): 435-449.
Mohammadi J and  Soleimani Shiri M.2013.  The role of urban agriculture in sustainable urban development and strategies for its expansion in Iranian cities, International Conference on Civil Engineering, Architecture and Sustainable Urban Development, Tabriz, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz Branch.
Pearson L, Pearson L and Pearson C.2010. Sustainable Urban Agriculture: Stocktake and Opportunities. International Journal of Agricultureal Sustainability. 8(1-2): 1-19.
 Pourjavid S.2011. A Study of Urban Agricultural Development Mechanisms (Case: Tehran), Government Thesis - Ministry of Science, Research and Technology, Tarbiat Modares University, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences.
Program and Budget Organization of the country.2017. Abstract of the results of the general population and housing census of 2016 in East Azerbaijan province
Rabiee Dastjerdi E, Gharayati M and Moeini M.2016.  Investigating the Ecological Impacts of Urban Agriculture on Sustainable Development, The First International Conference on New Ideas in Urban Architecture, Geography and Sustainable Environment, Mashhad, Saj Gostar Knowledge-Based Company Caspian, Tarbiat Modares University Environmental Research Institute.
Rahimi A.2020. Evaluation of changes in the green spaces of Tabriz from 1976 to 2016 using satellite images and predicting changes with artificial neural networks. Journal of Geography and Planning, 24 (71): 67-82
Sadr Mousavi M and Rahim A.2012. Analysis of the physical development of Tabriz and the destruction of agricultural lands and urban green spaces, geography and regional urban planning, No. 4: 99-109.
 
Sadr Mousavi M, Pour Mohammadi M and Rahimi A .2013. An analysis of urban land use changes using land transformation model, a case study of Tabriz.
Sohrabian A and Feizi M.2013. A Sustainable City from the Perspective of Urban Agriculture, Danesh Nema Monthly, Twenty-Second Year No. 215
Valipour S, Akbari, Z and Haghighi K.2013. Strategic planning for urban agricultural development with SWOT method. Urban Management Studies, Fifth Year, No. 15
Zezza A, Tasciotti L.2010. Urban agriculture, poverty, and food security: empirical evidence from a sample of developing countries. Food Policy, 35: 265–273.