ارزیابی اثر تغذیه زیستی، آلی و شیمیایی بر برخی صفات مورفولوژیکی، عملکرد ماده خشک و اسانس گیاه دارویی بادرشبی (Dracocephalum moldavica L.)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 عضو هیات علمی گروه مهندسی تولید و ژنتیک گیاهی/ مراغه

2 دانشجوی دکتری اگروتکنولوژی- اکولوژی گیاهان زراعی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه مراغه

چکیده

این آزمایش به‌صورت فاکتوریل بر پایه طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی در سه تکرار اجرا گردید. عامل اول شامل کاربرد کودهای شیمیایی و دامی در چهار سطح شاهد، 100 درصد کود شیمیایی، 50 درصد کود شیمیایی + 50 درصد کود دامی و 100 درصد کود دامی (30 تن در هکتار) بود. عامل دوم شامل شاهد، کاربرد هیومیکا (به‌عنوان منبع اسید هیومیک) و کود زیستی سوپرنیتروپلاس بود. بیشترین ارتفاع بوته، طول گل‌آذین و عملکرد ماده خشک با کاربرد 50 درصد کود شیمیایی + 50 درصد کود دامی، بیشترین تعداد و وزن ساقه‌های فرعی گل‌دهنده با کاربرد 100 درصد کود دامی و بیشترین تعداد ساقه‌های فرعی، قطر ساقه اصلی و وزن خشک تک‌بوته با کاربرد 100 درصد کود شیمیایی به‌دست آمد. تعداد ساقه‌های فرعی و گل‌دهنده در بوته، وزن هزاردانه و عملکرد ماده خشک با کاربرد سوپرنیتروپلاس و یا هیومیکا نسبت به شاهد افزایش معنی‌داری داشتند. بیشترین درصد اسانس به‌ترتیب در تیمار‌های 50 درصد کود شیمیایی + 50 درصد کود دامی بدون اسید هیومیک و سوپرنیتروپلاس (77/0 درصد)، 100 درصد کود دامی + هیومیکا (72/0 درصد) و 50 درصد کود شیمیایی + 50 درصد کود دامی با کاربرد هیومیکا (69/0 درصد) بدون تفاوت معنی دار با همدیگر به‌دست آمد. بیشترین عملکرد اسانس به‌ترتیب در تیمار‌های 50 درصد کود شیمیایی + 50 درصد کود دامی با کاربرد هیومیکا (83/1 گرم در مترمربع)، کاربرد 100 درصد کود دامی با کاربرد هیومیکا (79/1 گرم در مترمربع) و 50 درصد کود شیمیایی + 50 درصد کود دامی بدون هیومیکا و سوپرنیتروپلاس (74/1 گرم در مترمربع) به‌دست آمد.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Evaluation of the effect of biological, organic and chemical nutrition on some morphological traits, dry matter yield and essential oil of dragonhead (Dracocephalum moldavica L.)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Yousef Nasiri 1
  • Taher Ghaderi 2
1 Faculty member / Department of Plant Production and Genetics / University of Maragheh
2 Ph.D Student of Agrotechnology- Crop Ecology, Department of Plant Production and Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Maragheh
چکیده [English]

This experiment was performed as factorial based on a randomized complete blocks design (RCBD) with three replications. The first factor included of the application of chemical and farmyard fertilizers in four levels of control, 100 % chemical fertilizer, 50% chemical fertilizer + 50% of farmyard manure and 100% farmyard manure (30 tons per hectare). The highest plant height, inflorescence length and dry matter yield were obtained with application of 50% chemical fertilizer + 50% farmyard manure, the highest number and weight of flowering lateral stems with 100% application of farmyard manure and the highest number of lateral stems, main stem diameter and plant dry weight by applying 100% chemical fertilizer. The number of lateral and flowering stems per plant, 1000-grain weight and dry matter yield were significantly increased under Super nitro plus or Humica application compared to the control. The highest percentage of essential oil was obtained in the treatments of 50% chemical fertilizer + 50% manure without Humica and Super nitro plus (0.77%), 100% farmyard manure + Humica (0.72%) and 50% chemical fertilizer + 50% farmyard manure with the application of Humica (0.69%), with no significant difference each other, respectively. The highest essential oil yield was obtained in 50% chemical fertilizer + 50% animal manure with application of Humica (1.83 g.m-2), application of 100% farmyard manure with application of Humica (1.79 g.m-2) and 50% chemical fertilizer + 50 % of farmyard manure without Humica and Super nitro plus (1.74 g.m-2).

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Dracocephalum moldavica L
  • Dray matter
  • Essential oil
  • Farmyard manure
  • Humic acid
  • Super Nitroplus
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