تاثیر ورمی‌کمپوست و میکوریزا بر مولفه‌های پر شدن دانه و انتقال ماده خشک تریتیکاله تحت شرایط دیم و آبیاری تکمیلی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

گروه مهندسی تولید و ژنتیک گیاهی، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، اردبیل، ایران.

چکیده

اهداف: از راه‌کارهای مهم در کاهش اثرات ناشی از تنش خشکی در گیاه تریتیکاله استفاده از کودهای زیستی است. هدف از این مطالعه بررسی اثر ورمی‌کمپوست و میکوریزا بر مولفه‌های پرشدن دانه و انتقال ماده خشک تریتیکاله تحت شرایط دیم و آبیاری تکمیلی بود.
مواد و روش‌ها: آزمایش به‌صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح پایه بلوک کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار در مزرعه تحقیقاتی دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی در سال زراعی 1401-1400 اجرا شد. میانگین بارندگی حدود 300 میلی‌متر که بیش‌ترین آن در بهار و زمستان متمرکز شده است. فاکتورهای مورد بررسی شامل سطوح آبیاری (عدم آبیاری یا کشت دیم، آبیاری تکمیلی در مراحل آبستنی و سنبله‌دهی) و کاربرد کودهای زیستی (عدم کاربرد کودهای زیستی، کاربرد ورمی‌کمپوست، میکوریزا، کاربرد توام ورمیکمپوست و میکوریزا) بود.
یافته‌ها: نتایج نشان دادند که کاربرد میکوریزا و ورمی‌کمپوست و آبیاری تکمیلی در مرحله آبستنی موجب افزایش وزن و حجم ریشه (به‌ترتیب 53/6 و 45/49 درصد)، حداکثر وزن دانه، سرعت و طول دوره پرشدن دانه (به‌ترتیب 54/04، 19/84 و 21/99 درصد)، عملکرد دانه (48/66 درصد)، فتوسنتز جاری (109/68 درصد) و سهم این فرآیند در عملکرد دانه (41/14 درصد) و کاهش انتقال ماده خشک از اندام هوایی و ساقه و سهم این فرآیندها در عملکرد دانه (به‌ترتیب 32/72، 33/55، 97/14 و 98/49 درصد) نسبت به شرایط دیم و عدم کاربرد کودهای زیستی شد.
نتیجه‌گیری: کاربرد میکوریزا و ورمی‌کمپوست و آبیاری تکمیلی در مرحله آبستنی می‌تواند عملکرد تریتیکاله را در شرایط دیم به‌واسطه بهبود فتوسنتز و مولفه‌های پرشدن دانه افزایش دهد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of vermicompost and mycorrhiza on grain filling components and dry matter remobilization of triticale under rain fed and supplementary irrigation conditions

نویسندگان [English]

  • Hamed Narimani
  • Raouf Seyed Sharifi
Department of Plant production and genetics, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Background & Objective: One of the important ways to reduce the effects of drought stress is the use of biofertilizers in triticale plant. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of vermicompost and mycorrhiza on grain filling components and dry matter remobilization of triticale under rainfed and supplementary irrigation conditions.
Methods & Materials: An experiment as factorial was conducted based on randomized complete block design with three replications at the research farm of University of Mohaghegh Ardabil during 2022. Average rainfall was about 300 mm that most rainfall concentrated between winter and spring. The experimental factors were included irrigation levels (no irrigation as rainfed, supplementary irrigation at heading and booting stages) and application of biofertilizers (no application biofertilizers, application of vermicompost, Mycorrhiza, both application vermicompost and Mycorrhiza).
Results: The results showed that the application of mycorrhizae and vermicompost and supplementary irrigation at booting stage increased root weight and volume (53.6 and 45.49%, respectively), maximum of grain weight, grain filling rate and period (54.04, 19.84 and 21.99% respectively), grain yield (48.66%), current photosynthesis (109.68%) and contribution of its in grain yield (41.14%) and decreased of dry matter remobilization from shoot and stem and contribution of them in grain yield (32.72, 33.55, 97.14 and 98.49% respectively) in comparison with no application of biofertilizers under rainfed condition.
Conclusion: It seems that the application of mycorrhizae and vermicompost and supplementary irrigation at booting stage can increase the yield of triticale in rainfed condition due to improving photosynthesis and grain filling components.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Bio fertilizers
  • current photosynthesis
  • grain filling rate
  • grain yield
  • root weight
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