اثر کاربرد آب مغناطیسی، کودهای آلی و زیستی بر صفات رشدی و عملکرد اسانس بادرشبو (Dracocephalum moldavica L.)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشگاه تبریز

2 استاد گروه اکوفیزیولوژی گیاهی دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه تبریز

3 استاد دانشگاه تبریز

4 گروه فیزیک، دانشکده علوم پایه، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد شبستر، شبستر

چکیده

اهداف: پژوهش باهدف ارزیابی اثر آب مغناطیسی و تیمارهای کود آلی و شیمیایی بر صفات رشدی و عملکرد بادرشبو انجام شد.

مواد و روش‌ها: آزمایش به‌صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی و سه تکرار در سال 1395 در مزرعه تحقیقاتی دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه تبریز اجرا شد. عامل اول نوع آب مغناطیسی (صفر، 290 و 430 میلی‌تسلا) و عامل دوم تیمار کودی (شاهد، 100% کود شیمیایی+ کود کامل NPK،50% کود شیمیایی+ کود زیستی، کود پنرجتیک P، 50% کود شیمیایی+ کود پنرجتیک P، 50% کود شیمیایی+ کود آلی چوب با مقدار دو و چهار تن در هکتار) بود.

یافته‌ها: افزایش شدت میدان مغناطیسی گسترش عرضی بوته، شاخص کلروفیل برگ، عملکرد سرشاخه خشک گلدار، عملکرد اسانس را بهبود بخشید. در کلیه صفات تیمارهای 50% کود شیمیایی+ کود زیستی و 50% کود شیمیایی+ کود چوب با مقدار دو تن در هکتار نسبت به شاهد برتری داشت. اثر متقابل نوع آب در تیمار کودی بر تعداد ساقه فرعی در بوته، عملکرد سرشاخه خشک گلدار، درصد و عملکرد اسانس معنی‌دار شد. بیشترین میانگین عملکرد سرشاخه خشک گلدار (70/7668 کیلوگرم در هکتار) با 100% کود شیمیایی و آب مغناطیسی با شدت میدان 430 میلی‌تسلا به دست آمد. بیشترین میانگین عملکرد اسانس (59/16 کیلوگرم در هکتار) نیز با کود آلی چوب با مقدار چهار تن در هکتار و بدون استفاده از آب مغناطیسی به دست آمد.

نتیجه‌گیری: کودهای زیستی و آلی در تلفیق با 50% کود شیمیایی همراه آب مغناطیسی 430 میلی‌تسلا جهت افزایش صفات رشدی و عملکرد کیفی و کمی بادرشبو قابل توصیه می باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of Magnetic Water, Organic and Bio-fertilizers on Growth Characteristics and Essential Oil Yield of Moldavian Balm (Dracocephalum Moldavica L.)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Fatemeh Gholami 1
  • Rouhollah Amini 2
  • Adel Dabbagh Mohammadi Nasab 3
  • Mohammad Ghafouri 4
1 University of Tabriz
2 Professor/Department of Plant Ecophysiology/Faculty of Agriculture/ University of Tabriz
3 University of Tabriz
4 Physics Department, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Shabestar Branch, Shabestar,
چکیده [English]

Background and Objective: The study was carried out to evaluate the effects of magnetic water, organic and chemical fertilizers on growth characteristics and yield of Moldavian balm (Dracocephalum moldavica L.).

Materials and Methods: This experiment was conducted as a factorial based on a randomized complete block design with 21 treatments and three replications at research farm of the faculty of agriculture, university of Tabriz, Iran in 2016.
The first factor was magnetic water (0, 290, and 430 milli Tesla) and the second factor was fertilizer treatment (control, 100% chemical fertilizers+NPK fertilizer, 50% chemical fertilizer+bio-fertilizer, Penergetic P, 50% chemical fertilizer+Penergetic P, 50% chemical fertilizer +organic wood fertilizer with 2 and 4 tons/ha).

Results: Increasing the intensity of the magnetic improved the transverse growth of the plant, leaf chlorophyll index, dry weight of upper flowering parts, and essential oil yield of Moldavian balm. The interaction effect of magnetic water fertilizer treatments was significant on number of branch per plant, dry weight of upper parts, essential oil percentage and yield. The highest dry weight of upper flowering parts (7668.70 kg/ha) was obtained in 100% chemical fertilizer and magnetic water of 430 milliTesla. The highest essential oil yield (16.59 kg/ha) was obtained in organic wood fertilizer in 2 tons ha and without using magnetic water.

Conclusion: Bio-fertilizer and organic fertilizers in combination with 50% of chemical fertilizers coupled with magnetic water of 430 milliTesla could be recommended to improve the growth traits, qualitative and quantitative yield of Moldavian balm in the field condition.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Bio-fertilizer
  • chlorophyll index
  • Essential oil yield
  • Magnetic water
  • Moldavian balm
  • Penergetic
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