تعیین صفات مؤثر در عملکرد ارقام و لاین‌های امیدبخش سویا تحت تنش خشکی با استفاده از روش‌های چندمتغیره

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد، گروه آموزش مهندسی تولید و ژنتیک گیاهی، رشته ژنتیک و به‌نژادی گیاهی، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه

2 استاد، گروه مهندسی تولید و ژنتیک گیاهی، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی

3 دانشیار، گروه مهندسی تولید و ژنتیک گیاهی، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی

4 عضو هیئت علمی مرکز تحقیقات کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی مغان

چکیده

اهداف: تنش خشکی یک محدودیت بزرگ در تولید و عملکرد پایدار گیاهان زراعی از جمله سویا بوده و شناسایی ژنوتیپ‌های متحمل به کم‌آبی می‌تواند یک راهکار ارزشمند در مقابله با این معضل باشد.
مواد و روش: آزمایش بصورت اسپلیت‌پلات بر پایه طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی در سال 1399 در شهرستان اهر اجرا شد. تیمارها شامل سطوح قطع آبیاری (1-بدون تنش 2- تنش بعد از گلدهی 3- تنش بعد از نیام‌دهی) به عنوان عامل اصلی و تعداد 10 ژنوتیپ‌ سویا به عنوان عامل فرعی در چهار تکرار اجرا شد.
یافته‌ها: با افزایش تنش از مرحله گلدهی به مرحله نیام‌دهی عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد به دلیل افرایش مدت زمان اعمال تنش کاهش داشتند و نسبت به شرایط بدون تنش کاهش نشان دادند. تیمار بدون تنش (نرمال) نسبت به تیمار تنش بعد از نیام‌دهی 75/11 درصد عملکرد بیشتری داشت. بر اساس نتایج مقایسه میانگین عملکرد دانه لاین آرین و رقم DPX به عنوان ارقام برتر و لاین‌های کوثر، پارسا و صبا به عنوان لاین‌های ضعیف انتخاب شدند. در شرایط نرمال صفت تعداد نیام بارور وارد مدل شد، در شرایط تنش بعد از گلدهی صفت تعداد نیام در بوته وارد مدل شد و در شرایط تنش بعد از نیام‌دهی صفات عملکرد کاه و کلش و وزن دانه در هر نیام وارد مدل شدند و اولین متغیر وارد شده به مدل در این سطح از تنش عملکرد کاه و کلش بود که به تنهایی 87/0 تغییرات را توجیه می‌کرد و سپس متغیر وزن دانه در هر نیام وارد مدل گردید.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Determination of effective traits in the yield of promising soybean cultivars and lines under drought stress using multivariate methods

نویسندگان [English]

  • Rasoul Seyfi 1
  • soodabeh jahanbakhsh 2
  • Salim Farzaneh 3
  • ALi Ebadi 2
  • Saber Seif Amiri 4
1 Master's student, Department of Plant Genetics and Production Engineering, Department of Plant Genetics and Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Mohaghegh Ardabili University
2 Professor, Department of Production Engineering and Plant Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Mohaghegh Ardabili University
3 Associate Professor, Department of Production Engineering and Plant Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Mohaghegh Ardabili University
4 faculty members of Moghan Agriculture and Natural Resources Research Center
چکیده [English]

Background and Objective: Drought stress is a major limitation in the production and sustainable performance of plant products, including soybeans, and identifying drought-tolerant genotypes can be a valuable solution in dealing with this problem.
Materials and methods: The experiment was conducted in the form of a split plot based on a randomized complete block design in 2019 in Ahar city. The treatments included irrigation levels (1- no stress, 2- stress after flowering, 3- stress after podding) as the main factor and 10 genotype of soybean as secondary factors were implemented in four replications.
Findings: With the increase of stress from the flowering stage to the fruiting stage, the yield and yield components decreased due to the increase in the duration of drought stress and showed a decrease compared to the non-stressed conditions.The non-stress treatment (normal) had 11.75% more yield than the stress treatment after podding. Aryan line and DPX variety were selected as superior varieties and Kausar, Parsa and Saba lines were selected as weak lines. Under normal conditions, the trait number of fertile stems was entered into the model, under stress conditions, after flowering, the trait number of stems per plant was entered into the model, and under stress conditions, after seeding, straw and stubble yield traits and seed weight per stem were entered into the model, and the first The variable entered into the model at this level of stress was the yield of straw and stubble,

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Irrigation levels
  • soybean
  • yield
  • yield components
  • multivariate methods
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