ارزیابی ارقام و لاین‌های گندم نان تحت شرایط معمول و تنش کم آبی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 بخش تحقیقات غلات، موسسه تحقیقات اصلاح و تهیه نهال و بذر، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی اردبیل ایران

2 گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، اردبیل، ایران

3 موسسه تحقیقات اصلاح و تهیه نهال و بذر، کرج، ایران

چکیده

آزمایشی با هدف تاثیر تنش خشکی بر ارقام و لاین-های گندم در ســال‌های‌ زراعــی 98 – 1397 و 99 – 1398 در مزرعه پژوهشی مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان اردبیل (مغان) به صورت آزمایش اسپلیت پلات در قالـب طـرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار انجام شـد. کـرت‌های اصلی شامل رژیم آبیاری (آبیاری کامل تا انتهای فصل رشد (شاهد بدون تنش خشکی)، آبیاری تا مرحله گلدهی (تنش خشکی متوسط) و آبیاری خاک آب (تنش خشکی کامل)) و کرت‌های فرعی شامل ارقام و لاین‌های گندم نان (تیرگان، احسان، آفتاب و لاین‌های N-91-17، N-92-9 و N-93-17) بودند. نتایج نشان داد که تنش خشکی متوسط و کامل باعث کاهش معنی‌دار تعداد روز تا سبزشدن، وزن هزار دانه، عملکرد دانه، محتوای پرولین، کاتالاز، پروتئین برگ و شاخص سبزینگی برگ شد. تنش خشکی متوسط و کامل بطور میانگین باعث کاهش عملکرد دانه به ترتیب به میزان 5/12 و 31 درصد نسبت به آبیاری کامل تا انتهای فصل رشد شد. همچنین نتایج نشان داد تنش خشکی متوسط و تنش خشکی کامل باعث افزایش محتوای پرولین و فعالیت آنزیم کاتالاز و کاهش محتوای پروتئین برگ و شاخص سبزینگی برگ شد. با توجه به شرایط بحرانی آب در جهان و ایران به‌ویژه در استان اردبیل (مغان)، معرفی ارقامی که بتوانند حداقل کاهش عملکرد را در شرایط کم آبیاری داشته باشند، از اهمیت بسزایی برخوردارند. لذا در بین ارقام مورد بررسی لاین N-93-17 و رقم آفتاب قابـل توصـیه بـرای کشت وکار در شرایط تنش خشکی آخر فصل و توسعه انواع مقاوم به خشکی هستند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Evaluation of Bread Wheat Cultivars and Lines under Normal Irrigation and Drought Stress

نویسندگان [English]

  • kamal Shahbazi Homounlu 1
  • ali ebadi 2
  • salim farzaneh 2
  • manuchehr khodarahmi 3
1 Seed and Plant Improvement Institute, Agricultural Research Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Ardabil, iran
2 2Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural resources, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran
3 cereals Research Department, Seed and Plant Breeding Research Institute, Karaj, Iran
چکیده [English]

The aim of this study was to evaluate and select bread wheat cultivars by some physiological traits under drought stress conditions. Experiments were conducted in the cropping years from 2018- 2019 and 2019-2020 in the farm of Agricultural and Natural Resources Research Center of Moghan in the form of split plots complete random block design with three repetitions. The Main plot covered the three irrigation regimes including control irrigation (without drought stress), medium drought stress (moderate drought stress) and full drought stress. Sub-plots included bread wheat cultivars and lines (Tirgan, Ehsan, Aftab and lines N-91-17, N-92-9 and N-93-17). The results showed that moderate and full drought stress caused a significant decrease in the number of days to germination, number of fertile tillers per plant, thousand seed weight, seed yield, proline content, catalase, leaf protein and leaf greenness index. Under moderate and full drought treatments, the seed yield declined (12.5 and 31 percent, respectively). Also, the results showed that moderate drought stress and full drought stress increased proline content and catalase enzyme activity and decreased leaf protein content and leaf greenness index. Considering the critical water conditions in the world and Iran, especially in Ardabil (Maghan) province, the introduction of cultivars that can reduce yield at least in low irrigation conditions are of great importance. Therefore, among the studied cultivars, the N-93-17 line and the Aftab variety are recommended for cultivation in the conditions of drought stress at the end of the season and the development of drought-resistant varieties.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Drought Stress
  • Irrigation regime
  • proline content
  • protein
  • wheat line

مراجع

Abbaszadeh B, Sharifi Ashoorabadi I, Lebaschi MH, Naderi Haji Bagher Kandi M and Moghaddami F, 2007. Effect of drought stress on proline, soluble sugar, chlorophyll and relative water content (RWC) in Balm. Journal Research of Iranian Medicinal Plants and Herbs, 23(4): 513-504. (In Persian).
Abid M, Tian Z, Ata-Ul-Karim ST, Liu Y, Cui Y, Zahoor R and Dai T. 2016. Improved tolerance to postanthesis drought stress by pre-drought priming at vegetative stages in drought-tolerant and-sensitive wheat cultivars. Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, 106: 218-227.
Ahmad P and Prasad MNV. 2012. Abiotic Stress Responses in Plants: Metabolism, Productivity and Sustainability, New York Dordrecht Heidelberg London.
Allen RG, Pereira LS, Raes D and Smith M. 1998. Crop evapotranspiration Guidelines for computing crop water requirements. FAO Irrigation and Drainage Paper, 56.
Angus JF, Cunningham RB, Mancur MW and Mackenzie DH. 1981. Phasic development in field crops. Thermal response in the seedling phase. Field Crops Research, 3: 365-378.
Arzani K and Yazdani N. 2004. The influence of drought stress and paclobutrazol on quantitative changes of proteins in olive (Olea europaea L.) cultivars Bladi and Mission. In V International Symposium on Olive Growing, 791: 527-530.
Ashraf M and Bashir A. 2006. Salt stress induced changes in some organic metabolites and ionic relation in nodules and other plant parts of two crop legumes differing in salt tolerance. Flora, 198: 486-498.
Banks JM, Percival GC and Rose G. 2019. Variations in seasonal drought tolerance rankings. Trees Physiology, 33(4): 1063-1072.
Bates LS, Waldern RP and Teare ID. 1973. Rapid determination of free proline for water-stress studies. Plant and Soil. 39: 205-207.
Boukid F, Dall’Asta M, Bresciani L, Mena P and Del Rio D. 2019. Phenolic profile and antioxidant capacity of landraces, old and modern Tunisian durum wheat. European Food Research and Technology, 245 (1): 73-82.
Bradford MM. 1976. A rapid and sensitive for the quantitation of microgram quantities of protein utilizing the principle of protein-dye binding. Analytical Biochemistry, 72: 248.
Delarampour MA, Fahmedeh L and Fuladvand Z. 2019. The effect of drought stress on the expression of the NAC gene encoding the transcription factor of some bread wheat cultivars in Sistan region. Environmental Stresses in Crop Sciences, 12(3): 649-662. (In Persian).
Desingh R and Kanagaraj G. 2007. Influence of salinity stress on photosynthesis and antioxidative systems in two cotton varieties. General and Applied Plant Physiology, 33: 221-234.
Efeoglu B, Ekmekci Y and Cicek N. 2009. Physiological responses of three maize cultivars accumulation of proline and soluble sugars in sheath and blades of their different ages leaves. American-Eurasian journal of agricultural and environmental sciences, 5: 264-272.
FAO (Food and Agriculture Organization). 2017. www.fao.org/ fileadmin/ templates/wsfs /.../How to Feed the World in 2050.pdf.
Ghahramani M, Ebadi A, Parmon Gh and Jahanbaksh S. 2015. Investigating the effect of drought stress on photosynthetic indices and fodder yield of fodder sorghum genotypes (Sorghum bicolor). Crop Physiology Journal, 7(25): 59-74. (In Persian).
Gholipouri S, Ebadi A and Parmon Gh. 2016. Investigating the effect of drought stress on material transfer, yield and grain yield components of different bread wheat genotypes. Crop Physiology Journal, 8(31): 111-128. (In Persian).
Hanson AD and Hitz WD. 1982. Metabolic responses of mesophytes to plant water deficits. Annual Review of Plant Physiology, 33(1): 163-203.‏
Hong Bo S, Zong suo L, Ming ANS and Bo Chu W. 2005. Changes of anti-oxidative enzymes and membrane peroxidation for soil water deficits among 10 wheat genotypes at seedling stage. Colloids and Surfaces B: Bointerfaces, 42: 107-113.
Jaleel CA, Gopi R, Sankar B, Gomathinayagam M and Panneerselvam R. 2008. Differential responses in water use efficiency in two varieties of Catharanthus roseus under drought stress. Comptes Rendus Biologies, 33: 42-47.
Kalantari SA, Ebadi A, Daneshiyan J, Seyadat SS and Jahanbakhsh S. 2016. Dry stress and growth regulator spray solution on the content of photosynthetic pigments and yield of rapeseed (Brassica napus L.). Iranian Journal of Crop Sciences, 18(3): 196-217. (In Persian).
Karo M and Mishra D. 1976. Catalase, peroxidase and polyphenol oxidase activity during rice leaf senescence. Plant Physiology, 57: 315-319.
Kiliç H and Yağbasanlar T. 2010. The effect of drought stress on grain yield, yield components and some quality traits of durum wheat (Triticum turgidum ssp. durum) cultivars. Notulae Botanicae Horti Agrobotanici Cluj-Napoca, 38 (1): 164-170.
Liu H, Searle LR, Mather DE and Able AJ. 2015. Morphological, physiological and yield responses of durum wheat to pre-anthesis water-deficit stress are genotype-dependent. Crop and Pasture Science, 66(10):1024-1038.
Luo LJ, Xia H and Lu BR. (2019). Editorial: crop breeding for drought resistance. Frontiers in Plant Science, 1(10): 314-324.
Mahammodi H and Afkari A. 2020. Investigating the use of superabsorbent on some photosensitivity and physiological traits of wheat under drought stress conditions. Crop Physiology Journal, 12 (46): 131-147. (In Persian).
Manivannan P, Jaleel CA, Zhao CX, Somasundaram R, Azooz MM and Panneerselvam R. 2008. Variations in growth and pigment composition of sunflower varieties under early season drought stress. Global Journal of Molecular Sciences, 3(2): 50-56.
Moran JF, Becana M, Iturbe-Ormaetxe I, Frechilla S, Klucas RV and Aparicio-Tejo P. 1994. Drought induces oxidative stress in pea plants. Planta, 194(3): 346-352.‏
Naemi T, Fahmedeh L and Fakhari B. 2019. Investigating the effect of drought stress on the relative expression of MYB gene and the amount of osmotic regulators of five durum wheat genotypes. Nova Biologica Reperta, 6(2): 217-228. (In Persian).
Narimani H, Seedsharifi R and Aghaei F. 2020. The effect of methanol on the activity of antioxidant enzymes, some compatible osmolytes and biochemical traits of wheat under the condition of interruption of irrigation. Crop Physiology Journal, 12(47): 99-114. (In Persian).
Navari-Izoo F, Quartacci MF and Izzo R. 1990. Water-stress induced changed changes in protein and free amino acids in field grown maize and sun flower. Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, 28: 531-537.
Pour-Aboughadareh A, Mohammadi R, Etminan A, Shooshtari L, Maleki-Tabrizi N and Poczai P. 2020. Effects of drought stress on some agronomic and morpho-physiological traits in durum wheat genotypes. Sustainability, 12: 1-14.
Raeesi Sadati SY, Jahanbakhsh Godekahriz S, Ebadi A and Sedghi M. 2020. Effect of zinc nano oxide foliar application yield and physiological traits wheat under drought stress. Crop Physiology Journal. 12(46): 45-64. (In Persian).
Singh J and Patel AL. 1996. Dry matter distribution different parts of wheat under water stress at various growth stage. Field Crop Abstracts, 49(11): 10-16.
Teimouri N, Saeidi M, Ghobadi M and Sasani S. 2020. The effect of cut of irrigation at the end of the growing season on grain yield and some physiological characteristics of bread wheat cultivars. Crop Physiology Journal, 12(46): 111-129. (In Persian).
Turner NC. 1997. Further progress in crop water relations. Academic Press: San Diego, CA, USA, pp. 293–338.
Van Oosten JJ, Wilkins D and Besford RT. 1995. Acclimation of tomato to different carbon dioxide concentrations. Relationships between biochemistry and gas exchange during leaf development. New phytologist, 130(3): 357-367.‏
Vaughan MM, Block A, Christensen SA, Allen LH and Schmelz EA. 2018. The effects of climate change associated abiotic stresses on maize phytochemical defenses. Phytochemistry Reviews, 17(1): 37–49.
Zafari M, Ebadi A, Jahanbakhsh S and Sedghi M. 2017. Evaluation of some physiological characteristics of safflower cultivars (Carthamus tinctorius L.) under water stress and brassinosteroid application. Journal of Crop Ecophysiology, 11(4): 743-758. (In Persian).
Abbaszadeh B, Sharifi Ashoorabadi I, Lebaschi MH, Naderi Haji Bagher Kandi M and Moghaddami F, 2007. Effect of drought stress on proline, soluble sugar, chlorophyll and relative water content (RWC) in Balm. Journal Research of Iranian Medicinal Plants and Herbs, 23(4): 513-504. (In Persian).
Abid M, Tian Z, Ata-Ul-Karim ST, Liu Y, Cui Y, Zahoor R and Dai T. 2016. Improved tolerance to postanthesis drought stress by pre-drought priming at vegetative stages in drought-tolerant and-sensitive wheat cultivars. Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, 106: 218-227.
Ahmad P and Prasad MNV. 2012. Abiotic Stress Responses in Plants: Metabolism, Productivity and Sustainability, New York Dordrecht Heidelberg London.
Allen RG, Pereira LS, Raes D and Smith M. 1998. Crop evapotranspiration Guidelines for computing crop water requirements. FAO Irrigation and Drainage Paper, 56.
Angus JF, Cunningham RB, Mancur MW and Mackenzie DH. 1981. Phasic development in field crops. Thermal response in the seedling phase. Field Crops Research, 3: 365-378.
Arzani K and Yazdani N. 2004. The influence of drought stress and paclobutrazol on quantitative changes of proteins in olive (Olea europaea L.) cultivars Bladi and Mission. In V International Symposium on Olive Growing, 791: 527-530.
Ashraf M and Bashir A. 2006. Salt stress induced changes in some organic metabolites and ionic relation in nodules and other plant parts of two crop legumes differing in salt tolerance. Flora, 198: 486-498.
Banks JM, Percival GC and Rose G. 2019. Variations in seasonal drought tolerance rankings. Trees Physiology, 33(4): 1063-1072.
Bates LS, Waldern RP and Teare ID. 1973. Rapid determination of free proline for water-stress studies. Plant and Soil. 39: 205-207.
Boukid F, Dall’Asta M, Bresciani L, Mena P and Del Rio D. 2019. Phenolic profile and antioxidant capacity of landraces, old and modern Tunisian durum wheat. European Food Research and Technology, 245 (1): 73-82.
Bradford MM. 1976. A rapid and sensitive for the quantitation of microgram quantities of protein utilizing the principle of protein-dye binding. Analytical Biochemistry, 72: 248.
Delarampour MA, Fahmedeh L and Fuladvand Z. 2019. The effect of drought stress on the expression of the NAC gene encoding the transcription factor of some bread wheat cultivars in Sistan region. Environmental Stresses in Crop Sciences, 12(3): 649-662. (In Persian).
Desingh R and Kanagaraj G. 2007. Influence of salinity stress on photosynthesis and antioxidative systems in two cotton varieties. General and Applied Plant Physiology, 33: 221-234.
Efeoglu B, Ekmekci Y and Cicek N. 2009. Physiological responses of three maize cultivars accumulation of proline and soluble sugars in sheath and blades of their different ages leaves. American-Eurasian journal of agricultural and environmental sciences, 5: 264-272.
FAO (Food and Agriculture Organization). 2017. www.fao.org/ fileadmin/ templates/wsfs /.../How to Feed the World in 2050.pdf.
Ghahramani M, Ebadi A, Parmon Gh and Jahanbaksh S. 2015. Investigating the effect of drought stress on photosynthetic indices and fodder yield of fodder sorghum genotypes (Sorghum bicolor). Crop Physiology Journal, 7(25): 59-74. (In Persian).
Gholipouri S, Ebadi A and Parmon Gh. 2016. Investigating the effect of drought stress on material transfer, yield and grain yield components of different bread wheat genotypes. Crop Physiology Journal, 8(31): 111-128. (In Persian).
Hanson AD and Hitz WD. 1982. Metabolic responses of mesophytes to plant water deficits. Annual Review of Plant Physiology, 33(1): 163-203.‏
Hong Bo S, Zong suo L, Ming ANS and Bo Chu W. 2005. Changes of anti-oxidative enzymes and membrane peroxidation for soil water deficits among 10 wheat genotypes at seedling stage. Colloids and Surfaces B: Bointerfaces, 42: 107-113.
Jaleel CA, Gopi R, Sankar B, Gomathinayagam M and Panneerselvam R. 2008. Differential responses in water use efficiency in two varieties of Catharanthus roseus under drought stress. Comptes Rendus Biologies, 33: 42-47.
Kalantari SA, Ebadi A, Daneshiyan J, Seyadat SS and Jahanbakhsh S. 2016. Dry stress and growth regulator spray solution on the content of photosynthetic pigments and yield of rapeseed (Brassica napus L.). Iranian Journal of Crop Sciences, 18(3): 196-217. (In Persian).
Karo M and Mishra D. 1976. Catalase, peroxidase and polyphenol oxidase activity during rice leaf senescence. Plant Physiology, 57: 315-319.
Kiliç H and Yağbasanlar T. 2010. The effect of drought stress on grain yield, yield components and some quality traits of durum wheat (Triticum turgidum ssp. durum) cultivars. Notulae Botanicae Horti Agrobotanici Cluj-Napoca, 38 (1): 164-170.
Liu H, Searle LR, Mather DE and Able AJ. 2015. Morphological, physiological and yield responses of durum wheat to pre-anthesis water-deficit stress are genotype-dependent. Crop and Pasture Science, 66(10):1024-1038.
Luo LJ, Xia H and Lu BR. (2019). Editorial: crop breeding for drought resistance. Frontiers in Plant Science, 1(10): 314-324.
Mahammodi H and Afkari A. 2020. Investigating the use of superabsorbent on some photosensitivity and physiological traits of wheat under drought stress conditions. Crop Physiology Journal, 12 (46): 131-147. (In Persian).
Manivannan P, Jaleel CA, Zhao CX, Somasundaram R, Azooz MM and Panneerselvam R. 2008. Variations in growth and pigment composition of sunflower varieties under early season drought stress. Global Journal of Molecular Sciences, 3(2): 50-56.
Moran JF, Becana M, Iturbe-Ormaetxe I, Frechilla S, Klucas RV and Aparicio-Tejo P. 1994. Drought induces oxidative stress in pea plants. Planta, 194(3): 346-352.‏
Naemi T, Fahmedeh L and Fakhari B. 2019. Investigating the effect of drought stress on the relative expression of MYB gene and the amount of osmotic regulators of five durum wheat genotypes. Nova Biologica Reperta, 6(2): 217-228. (In Persian).
Narimani H, Seedsharifi R and Aghaei F. 2020. The effect of methanol on the activity of antioxidant enzymes, some compatible osmolytes and biochemical traits of wheat under the condition of interruption of irrigation. Crop Physiology Journal, 12(47): 99-114. (In Persian).
Navari-Izoo F, Quartacci MF and Izzo R. 1990. Water-stress induced changed changes in protein and free amino acids in field grown maize and sun flower. Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, 28: 531-537.
Pour-Aboughadareh A, Mohammadi R, Etminan A, Shooshtari L, Maleki-Tabrizi N and Poczai P. 2020. Effects of drought stress on some agronomic and morpho-physiological traits in durum wheat genotypes. Sustainability, 12: 1-14.
Raeesi Sadati SY, Jahanbakhsh Godekahriz S, Ebadi A and Sedghi M. 2020. Effect of zinc nano oxide foliar application yield and physiological traits wheat under drought stress. Crop Physiology Journal. 12(46): 45-64. (In Persian).
Singh J and Patel AL. 1996. Dry matter distribution different parts of wheat under water stress at various growth stage. Field Crop Abstracts, 49(11): 10-16.
Teimouri N, Saeidi M, Ghobadi M and Sasani S. 2020. The effect of cut of irrigation at the end of the growing season on grain yield and some physiological characteristics of bread wheat cultivars. Crop Physiology Journal, 12(46): 111-129. (In Persian).
Turner NC. 1997. Further progress in crop water relations. Academic Press: San Diego, CA, USA, pp. 293–338.
Van Oosten JJ, Wilkins D and Besford RT. 1995. Acclimation of tomato to different carbon dioxide concentrations. Relationships between biochemistry and gas exchange during leaf development. New phytologist, 130(3): 357-367.‏
Vaughan MM, Block A, Christensen SA, Allen LH and Schmelz EA. 2018. The effects of climate change associated abiotic stresses on maize phytochemical defenses. Phytochemistry Reviews, 17(1): 37–49.
Zafari M, Ebadi A, Jahanbakhsh S and Sedghi M. 2017. Evaluation of some physiological characteristics of safflower cultivars (Carthamus tinctorius L.) under water stress and brassinosteroid application. Journal of Crop Ecophysiology, 11(4): 743-758. (In Persian).
 
 
 
دانش کشاورزی وتولید پایدار
دوره 34، شماره 1
فروردین 1403
صفحه 205-219

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