اثر کود اوره و برخی کودهای آلی بر رشد و عملکرد مزرعه‌ای باقلا (Vicia faba L.)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استاد گروه اکوفیزیولوژی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تبریز، تبریز، ایران.

2 کارشناسی ارشد فیزیولوژی گیاهان زراعی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تبریز، تبریز، ایران.

3 ایران، تبریز، دانشگاه تبریز، دانشکده کشاورزی، گروه اکوفیزیولوژی گیاهان زراعی

چکیده

اهداف: استفاده از کود‌های شیمیایی موجب مشکلات زیست محیطی گردیده است. بنابراین، کاربرد کودهای آلی به عنوان یک راهکار مناسب جهت حفظ باروری خاک و افزایش بهره‌وری کود می‌باشد.
مواد و روش‌ها: برای بررسی اثر کودهای آلی و شیمیایی بر خصوصیات رشدی و عملکرد مزرعه‌ای باقلا (Vicia faba L.)، آزمایشی به صورت طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار در سال 1400 در مزرعه تحقیقاتی دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه تبریز، طراحی و اجرا گردید. در این آزمایش تیمارها چهار منبع مختلف کودی شامل کود شیمیایی نیتروژن دار اوره (50 کیلوگرم در هکتار)، خاک برگ (5 تن در هکتار)، کود دامی (8 تن در هکتار)، ورمی کمپوست (5 تن در هکتار) و شاهد بود.
یافته‌ها: بیشترین شاخص کلروفیل، ارتفاع بوته، تعداد نیام در بوته، وزن صددانه، عملکرد دانه و زیست توده از کاربرد کود شیمیایی اوره حاصل شد که از لحاظ آماری تفاوت معنی داری با کود دامی نداشت. بالاترین شاخص سطح برگ و تعداد برگ در بوته در کاربرد کود دامی گاوی نسبت به سایر تیمارهای کودی برتر بود و تفاوت معنی‌داری با کود اوره نداشت.
نتیجه‌گیری: به منظور تولید زیست توده و عملکرد دانه بیشتر در باقلا دو تیمار کود شیمیایی اوره و کود دامی گاوی مطلوب‌ترین تیمار تغذیه‌ای شناسایی شدند. در تولید باقلا در راستای کشاورزی پایدار استفاده از کود دامی گاوی به مقدار 8 تن در هکتار علاوه بر بهبود تولید محصول می‌تواند جایگزین مصرف کودهای شیمیایی نیتروژن دار از جمله اوره شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of urea and some organic fertilizers on growth and field performance of faba bean (Vicia faba L.)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Safar Nasrollahzadeh 1
  • jalil Shafagh Kolvanagh 1
  • Parviz Shah Mohammadzadeh 2
  • roghiyeh farzi-aminabad 3
1 Prof., Dept. of Plant Ecophysiology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, Iran.
2 Master of Crop Physiology, Faculty of Agriculture, Tabriz University, Iran.
3 Department of Eco-Physiology, Faculty of Agriculture, Tabriz University, Tabriz, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Background & Objective: The use of chemical fertilizers has created environmental problems. Therefore, the application of organic fertilizers can be considered a suitable solution to maintain soil fertility and increase fertilizer productivity.
Materials & Methods: To investigate the effect of organic and chemical fertilizers on the growth and field performance of faba bean (Vicia faba L.), an experiment was conducted with a randomized Complete Block Design (RCB) with three replications in 2021 at the research farm of the Faculty of Agriculture at Tabriz University. In this experiment, the treatments included four different sources of fertilizers, including the application of nitrogenous chemical fertilizer in the form of urea (50 kg ha-1), leaf mould (5 tons ha-1), farmyard manure (8 tons ha-1), vermicompost (5 tons ha-1) and control.
Results: The highest chlorophyll index, plant height, number of pods per plant, 100-grain weight, grain yield, and biomass were obtained from urea fertilizer application treatment which was not significantly superior to other treatments. in terms of leaf area index and the number of leaves per plant, the application of farmyard manure was significantly superior to other treatments.
Conclusion: In order to produce more biomass and grain yield in faba bean, two treatments of urea and farmyard manure were identified as the most favorable nutritional treatments. The application of farmyard manure at a rate of 8 tons ha-1, in addition improving crop production, can replace the application of nitrogenous chemical fertilizers.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Faba bean
  • Grain yield
  • Chemical fertilizer
  • Farmyard manure
  • Biomass

مراجع

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دانش کشاورزی وتولید پایدار
دوره 34، شماره 3
آبان 1403
صفحه 295-308

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