ارزیابی عملکرد، صفات کمی و کیفی درکشت مخلوط نعناع فلفلی(Mentha piperita L.) و شنبلیله (Trigonella foenum - graceum L.) تحت تاریخ‌های مختلف کشت

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده علوم کشاورزی، دانشگاه گیلان

2 استادیار گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات دانشکده کشاورزی دانگشاه گیلان

چکیده

به منظور بررسی تاثیر تاریخ های مختلف کشت بر عملکرد، صفات کمی و کیفی سیستم­های مخلوط نعناع فلفلی و شنبلیله، آزمایشی به صورت کرت­های خرد شده در قالب طرح بلوک­های کامل تصادفی در سه تکرار در مزرعه پژوهشی دانشکده علوم کشاورزی دانشگاه گیلان در سال زراعی 95-1394 اجرا شد. فاکتور اصلی، تاریخ کاشت در سه سطح 10 مهر، 10 اسفند و 10 اردیبهشت و سیستم کاشت به عنوان فاکتور فرعی در پنج سطح کشت خالص نعناع فلفلی، کشت خالص شنبلیله، کشت مخلوط جایگزینی نعناع - شنبلیله (M/F) با نسبت­های 1:1، 2:2 و 2:1 (یک ردیف نعناع: دو ردیف شنبلیله) بود. نتایج نشان داد که عملکرد هر دو گیاه در کشت خالص بیشتر از سیستم­های مخلوط بود. بیشترین نسبت برابری زمین متعلق به کشت مخلوط 1:1 بود. عملکرد دانه  شنبلیله در تاریخ کاشت­های 10 اسفند و 10 اردیبهشت به ترتیب 23 و 47 درصد و عملکرد زیست توده 15 و 32 درصد کاهش پیدا کرد. همچنین در این تاریخ کاشت­ها، وزن خشک برگ نعناع فلفلی 48 و 57 درصد کاهش یافت. بیشترین درصد اسانس هر دو گیاه از برهمکنش تاریخ کاشت 10 اسفند و نسبت مخلوط 1:1 حاصل شد. بالاترین عملکرد اسانس هر دو گونه از تاریخ کاشت پاییزه و کشت خالص حاصل شد. بطور کلی، در این مطالعه تاریخ کاشت پاییزه صفات کمی، کیفی و سودمندی مخلوط را بهبود بخشید.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Evaluation of Yield, Quantity and Quality Traits in intercropping of Peppermint (Mentha Piperita L.) and Fenugreek (Trigonella foenum - graceum L.) under Different Planting Dates

نویسندگان [English]

  • Zakieh Ebrahim Ghochi 1
  • Gholam Reza Mohsenabadi 2
  • Majid Majidian 1
چکیده [English]

In order to investigate the effect of different planting dates on yield, quantity and quality traits in replacement intercropping system of peppermint and fenugreek, a field experiment was conducted as split-plot arrangement based on randomized complete block design with three replications, in University of Guilan, during growing season of 2015 - 2016. The experimental treatments were planting dates in three levels (October 2, February 29 and April 29) assigned to main plots and planting systems in five levels (sole cropping of peppermint, sole cropping of  fenugreek and replacement intercropping peppermint- fenugreek with ratios 1:1, 2:2 and 2:1 (two rows of fenugreek: one row of peppermint) as sub plot. The results showed that yield of both crops were higher in sole cropping in comparison intercropping systems. The highest land equivalent ratio (LER) was obtained in 1:1 intercropping ratio. Grain yield of fenugreek in 29 February and 29 April in comparison to autumn planting date 23% and 47% were decreased respectively, and its biological yield 15% and 32% were declined. Also in these planting dates, peppermint leaf dry weight 48% and 57 % was decreased. The highest essential oil percent of both crops was achieved from planting date of February 29 and 1:1 intercropping ratio interaction. The highest essential oil yield of both crops was obtained from autumn planting date and their sole cropping. The planting dates had no significant effect on total chlorophyll of peppermint. In general, in this study, autumn planting date improved quantity and quality traits and intercropping advantages.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Essential Oil
  • Intercropping
  • Planting Pattern
  • Relative Yield
  • Land Equivalent Ratio
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