ارزیابی روش‌های زراعی و فیزیکی و دز کاهش یافته علفکش در مدیریت تلفیقی علف‌های هرز نخود (.Cicer arietinum L)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 شناسایی و مبارزه با علف‌های هرز، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تبریز

2 گروه اکوفیزیولوژی گیاهی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تبریز

3 اکوفیزیولوژی گیاهی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تبریز

چکیده

       علف­های هرز یکی از مهم­ترین عوامل محدود کننده تولید نخود ( (Cicer arietinumL.می­باشند. به‌منظور بررسی اثر روش‌های کنترل غیر شیمیایی در تلفیق با دزهای کاهش‌یافته علف‌کش پیریدیت بر علف‌های هرز نخود آزمایشی در سال زراعی 94-1393 در کرمانشاه اجرا شد. فاکتور اول مدیریت غیر شیمیایی علف­های هرز در پنج سطح شامل کشت مخلوط نخود با گندم، کاربرد مالچ کلش گندم، کولتیواتور زنی، یک‌بار وجین دستی و بدون کنترل غیر شیمیایی و فاکتور دوم کاربرد دزهای مختلف علف‌کش پیریدیت در پنج سطح شامل صفر، 25، 50، 75 و 100 % دز توصیه شده (120 گرم ماده مؤثره در هکتار) بودند. همچنین تیمار عاری از علف­هرز در کل دوره رشد نیز به عنوان شاهد در نظر گرفته شد. نتایج نشان داد که اثر متقابل دز علف­کش و مدیریت غیر شیمیایی بر صفات بیوماس علف هرز در واحد سطح، تعداد دانه در بوته و عملکرد دانه نخود در سطح احتمال یک درصد معنی­دار بود. در همه سطوح مدیریت غیرشیمیایی، با افزایش دز علف کش، بیوماس علف هرز در واحد سطح کاهش یافت. تفاوت معنی داری از نظر میزان عملکرد دانه در شرایط کاربرد دزهای 75 و 100 درصد به همراه مدیریتهای غیر شیمیایی (به جز مالچ کلشی) مشاهده نشد. بنابراین می توان به جای دز 100% از دز 75% علف کش استفاده نمود. به طور کلی با استفاده از روش های غیرشیمیایی مدیریت علف هرز، مقدار مصرف علفکش کاهش یافته و در عین حال عملکرد دانه نخود تحت تاثیر قرار نگرفت. 
 

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Evaluating the Cultural and Physical Methods and Reduced Doses of Herbicide in Integrated Weed Management of Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Iraj Nosrati 1
  • Adel Dabbagh Mohammadi Nassab 2
  • Mohammad Reza Shakiba 3
  • Rohollah Amini 3
چکیده [English]

        Weeds are one of the most important factors limiting production of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.). In order to evaluate the effect of non-chemical control methods in integration with reduced rates of pyridate on weeds of chickpea field an experiment was conducted in Kermanshah during 2014-2015 growth seasons. The first factor was non-chemical weed management in five levels including wheat- chickpea intercropping, using wheat straw mulch, using cultivator, hand weeding and without non-chemical control and the second factor was application of different rates of herbicide pyridate at five levels including 0, 25, 50, 75 and 100% recommended rate(120 g.a.i/ha). Also the weed-free treatment during whole growth season was considered as control. The results showed that the interaction effect of herbicide rate Î non-chemical management was significant (p ≤ 0.01) on weed biomass, kernels number per plant and grain yield of chickpea. At all levels of non-chemical weed managements with increasing the herbicide dose, the weed biomass per unit area decreased. At all non-chemical management levels except straw mulch application, the difference between grain yield of 100 and 75% herbicide rate was not significant, therefore the 75% herbicide rete could be used instead of 100%. Generally with application of non-chemical weed management methods, the herbicide input reduced and also the grain yield of chickpea was not affected.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Hand Weeding
  • Intercropping
  • Non-Chemical Management
  • Pyridate
  • Reduced Rate
  • Straw Mulch

مراجع

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دانش کشاورزی وتولید پایدار
دوره 27، شماره 3
مهر 1396
صفحه 87-102

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