ارزیابی پایداری کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی شهرستان‌های استان آذربایجان شرقی: کاربرد رهیافت شاخص ترکیبی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه اقتصاد کشاورزی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تبریز

2 گروه مهندسی صنایع، دانشکده فنی مهندسی مکانیک، دانشگاه تبریز

چکیده

این مطالعه با هدف ارزیابی پایداری کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی شهرستان­های استان آذربایجان شرقی انجام شد. روش تحقیق از نوع توصیفی- همبستگی می­باشد. در ابتدا، بر اساس نظر کارشناسان کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، 29 شاخص در سه بعد اقتصادی، اجتماعی و زیست محیطی انتخاب شد. سپس، داده­ها و اطلاعات مورد نیاز از سازمان جهاد کشاورزی، سالنامه­های آماری و سازمان آب منطقه­ای استان آذربایجان شرقی در سال 1394 جمع­آوری شد و وزن نسبی شاخص­ها با استفاده از تحلیل مؤلفه­های اصلی تعیین گردید. برای ادغام شاخص­ها و ایجاد شاخص مرکب از تابع چندمعیاره بر اساس فاصله از نقطه ایده­آل استفاده شد. نتایج مطالعه نشان داد که کلیبر پایدارترین و بناب ناپایدارترین شهرستان از لحاظ پایداری کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی است. شاخص­های سرانه زمین کشاورزی، بیمه و عملکرد در بعد اقتصادی، شاخص باسوادی و درجه مهاجرپذیری در بعد اجتماعی و شاخص­های درصد پوشش گیاهی، مصرف کود شیمیایی و درصد ماده آلی خاک در بعد زیست­محیطی دارای بیشترین اهمیت نسبی هستند. با توجه به نتایج به دست آمده، جهت دستیابی به سطوح بالاتر پایداری کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، توصیه­های زیر ارائه می­شود. سرانه زمین کشاورزی می­تواند از طریق اجرای سازو کارهای مناسب جهت جلوگیری از تغییر کاربری اراضی کشاورزی و گسترش زمینه­های اشتغال در مناطق روستایی به ویژه در صنایع وابسته به کشاورزی، جهت جذب نیروی کار مازاد از زمین­های کشاورزی، افزایش یابد. جهت ریشه­کن کردن بی­سوادی در مناطق روستایی، خدمات آموزشی به ویژه برای کشاورزان گسترش یابد و با حفاظت از پوشش گیاهی فعلی استان در جهت بهبود و توسعه آن اقدام شود.
 
 

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Assessment of Agricultural and Natural Resources Sustainability in East Azerbaijan Province: Application of Composite Indicators

نویسندگان [English]

  • Marzieh Manafi Mollayosefi 1
  • Bobollah Hayati 1
  • Esmaeil Pishbahar 1
  • Javad Nematian 2
چکیده [English]

This study aimed to assess the agricultural and natural resources sustainability of East Azerbaijan Province counties. The research approach was the descriptive-analytical. At first, according to the agricultural and natural resources experts’ viewpoints, 29 indicators were selected in three dimensions: economic, social and environmental issues. Then, the required data and information have been collected from Statistical reports of Agriculture Jihad organization, Statistical yearbooks of East Azerbaijan province and analytical reports of Regional Water organization of East Azerbaijan Province in 2015 and the relative weight of indicators were determined using principal components analysis. The multi-criterion function based on the distance to the ideal point was used to aggregate the several indicators. The results showed that Kaleybar and Varzeghan are the most sustainable and unstable counties respectively. Agricultural land per capita indicator, insurance percentage and yield indicator in economic dimension, literacy rate and immigration in social dimension and the indicators of vegetation cover, chemical fertilizer use and soil organic matter in environmental dimension have the most relative importance. Based on the results, the following recommendations are presented in order to achieve higher levels of agricultural and natural resources sustainability. The arable land per person might be increased through the implementation of appropriate mechanisms that avoid land-use changes and expand the fields of agriculture employment in rural areas, particularly in agro-based industries, to absorb the labor surplus from the agriculture lands. Educational services must be expanded to eradicate illiteracy in rural areas, especially for farmers, and with protection of current vegetation cover in the province, should be tried to improve and extend it.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Agricultural and Natural Resources Sustainability
  • Composite Indicator
  • East Azerbaijan province
  • Principal Components Analysis

مراجع

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دانش کشاورزی وتولید پایدار
دوره 27، شماره 3
مهر 1396
صفحه 187-199

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