عملکرد دانه و اجزای عملکرد نخود (Cicer arietinum L.) تحت مدیریت‌های مختلف تلفیقی سس

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 شناسایی و مبارزه با علف‌های هرز، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تبریز

2 گروه اکوفیزیولوژی گیاهی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تبریز

چکیده

      به منظور ارزیابی اثر مدیریت تلفیقی بر انگل سس و برخی پارامترهای رشدی نخود، پژوهشی به‌صورت طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی با  8 تیمار و 3 تکرار در دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه تبریز در سال 1393 انجام شد. تیمارها شامل تلفیق علف‌کش تریفلورالین (2 لیتر در هکتار) + مالچ کلش گندم،  مالچ کلش گندم + علف‌کش گلیفوسیت (75 گرم ماده مؤثره در هکتار)، دور آبیاری 15 روز + نفتالین استیک اسید، کاربرد علف‌کش کلرتال دی متیل (10 کیلوگرم در هکتار) + دور آبیاری 15 روز، خاکورزی+ مالچ کلش گندم، مالچ کلش گندم + دور آبیاری 15 روز، کاربرد علفکش تریفلورالین، کاربرد علف‌کش کلرتال‌دی‌متیل بودند. بیشترین عملکرد دانه نخود در تیمارهای کاربرد کلرتال‌دی‌متیل و تیمار تلفیقی مالچ کلش گندم + کاربرد گلایفوسیت (به ترتیب 2764 و 2617 کیلوگرم در هکتار) حاصل شد که بیشتر از سایر تیمارهای مدیریتی بودند. حداکثر زیست توده سس در تیمار مدیریتی مالچ کلش گندم + دور آبیاری 15 روز مشاهده شد. نتایج نشان داد که استفاده از مالچ گندم و فواصل آبیاری زیاد نتوانسته به حد کافی مانع گسترش سس شود. به طور کلی در تیمارهایی که تنها از روش‌های غیرشیمیایی مدیریت استفاده شد آلودگی سس اتفاق افتاد و منجر به افت عملکرد دانه نخود گردید. بنابراین به‌نظر می‌رسد تلفیق کنترل زراعی (کاربرد مالچ) با کنترل شیمیایی می‌تواند گزینه مناسبی برای مدیریت سس در مزارع نخود باشد.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Grain Yield and Yield Components of Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) under Different Integrated Management of Dodder

نویسندگان [English]

  • Siavosh Shamsi 1
  • Adel Dabbagh Mohammadi Nasa 2
  • Rouhollah Amini 2
چکیده [English]

This field experiment was conducted at the Agricultural Research Farm of University of Tabriz in 2015 to evaluate the effects of integrated management of dodder on some growth parameters of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.). The experimental design was a randomized complete block design with three replications. Treatments were trifluralin (2 L.ha-1) + wheat straw mulch, wheat straw mulch + glyphosate application (75 g a.i. ha-1), irrigation after 15 days + naphthalene acetic acid, chlorthal dimethyl application (10 kg.ha-1) + irrigation after 15 days, tillage + wheat straw mulch, wheat straw mulch + irrigation after 15 days, trifluralin and chlorthal dimethyl application. The highest grain yield of chickpea was obtained in chlorthal dimethyl application and wheat straw mulch + glyphosate application (respectively 2764 and 2617 kg.ha-1) that were higher than those of other management treatments. The highest biomass of dodder was observed in wheat straw mulch + irrigation every 15 days. Results indicated that use of wheat straw mulch and irrigation after 15 days were not high enough to prevent the spread of dodder. Generally in treatments that only the non-chemical manageemnts were used the dodder infestation was occured and led to chickpea grain yield loss. Therefore, it seems that integration of cultural control (mulch application) with chemical control could be suitable option for dodder management in the chickpea fields.
 
 

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Chickpea
  • Dodder
  • irrigation
  • Mulch
  • Tillage

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دانش کشاورزی وتولید پایدار
دوره 28، شماره 1
اردیبهشت 1397
صفحه 125-138

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