ارزیابی صفات مورفولوژیکی، اجزای عملکرد و محتوای اسانس بالنگوی شهری (Lallemantia iberica Fischer & C.A. Meyer) تحت تداخل علف‌های‌هرز

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه اکوفیزیولوژی گیاهی، دانشکده‌ کشاورزی، دانشگاه تبریز

2 گروه علوم و صنایع غذایی، دانشکده‌ کشاورزی، دانشگاه تبریز

3 گروه فیزیولوژی گیاهان زراعی

چکیده

چکیده
       اثر دوره­های مختلف تداخل و کنترل علف­های­هرز بر صفات مورفولوژیکی، اجزای عملکرد و محتوای اسانس و موسیلاژ بالنگوی شهری (قَره­زَرَک)، تحت آزمایش مزرعه­ای در قالب طرح بلوک­های کامل تصادفی با ۳ تکرار و ۱5 تیمار در مزرعه تحقیقاتی دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه تبریز مطالعه شد. تیمارهای آزمایشی شامل شش دوره تداخل علف­های­هرز و شش دوره کنترل علف­های­هرز به همراه شاهد عاری از علف­هرز، شاهد آلوده به علف­­هرز در طول فصل رشد و یک شاهد علف­هرز خالص (بدون گیاه زراعی) بودند. نتایج نشان داد که وزن­ خشک­ علف­های­هرز با افزایش­ طول دوره­ آلودگی به علف­های­هرز و کاهش طول دوره ­عاری از­ علف­های­­هرز به­طور­ معنی­داری افزایش یافت. تعداد برگ در بوته، ارتفاع بوته، تعداد فندقه، تعداد دانه، وزن هزار دانه، عملکرد بیولوژیکی و عملکرد دانه با افزایش دوره تداخل علف­های­هرز کاهش یافت. در بین اجزای عملکرد، تعداد دانه در بوته با کاهش 8/46 درصدی نسبت به شاهد عاری از علف­های­هرز حساس­ترین جزء بود. اثر تیمارهای مورد بررسی بر درصد و عملکرد اسانس و موسیلاژ دانه معنی­دار نبود. تیمار شاهد آلوده به علف­های­هرز با عملکرد دانه 1200 کیلوگرم در هکتار کمترین و تیمار شاهد عاری از علف­های­هرز با عملکرد دانه 2289 کیلوگرم در هکتار بیشترین عملکرد را داشتند. ارزیابی عملکرد گیاه بالنگوی شهری در شرایط عدم کنترل علف­های­هرز با تولید 1200 کیلوگرم دانه در هکتار نشانگر پتانسیل رقابتی بالای گیاه دارویی بالنگوی شهری در مقابله با علف­های­هرز طبیعی مزرعه است. وجود این قابلیت، موفقیت این گیاه را در رقابت با علف­های­هرز با سطح قابل قبولی از عملکرد دانه برجسته می­کند.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Evaluation of Morphological Traits, Yield Components and Essential Oil Content of Dragon’s Head (Lallemantia iberica Fischer & C.A. Meyer) under Weed Interference Periods

نویسندگان [English]

  • Jalil Shafagh-Kolvanagh 1
  • Abasalt Azadmard-Taleshmikaeel 1
  • Yaegoob Raei 1
  • Saeid Zehtab-Salmasi 1
  • Sodeif Azadmard-Damirchi 2
  • Soheila Dastborhan 3
چکیده [English]

Abstract
The effect of different interference and weed control period on morphological traits, yield components, oil and mucilage contents of Dragon’s head, studied by field experimental based on randomized complete block design with three replicates and 15 treatments at the Agricultural Research Station, University of Tabriz. The treatments were six periods of weed interference, six periods of weed control, weed free and weed infected during the growing season and, pure weed (without crop). The results indicated that weed dry weight significantly increased with increasing duration of infection and decreasing weed free period. Number of leaves per plant, plant height, number of capsules and seeds, 1000-seed weight, biological and grain yield reduced with increasing weed interference period. Among the yield components, number of seeds per plants decreased by 46.8% related to weed free control and so it was the most sensitive component. The effect of treatments on percentage and yield of essential oil and seed mucilage was not significant. Weed infested control with 1200 kg.ha-1 and weed free control with 2289 kg.ha-1 had the lowest and the highest grain yield, respectively. Evaluation of Dragon’s head performance under weedy conditions with 1200 kg.ha-1 grain yield indicated the high competitive potential of medicinal plant of Dragon’s head in front of natural weeds of field. This capability embosses success of this plant in competition with weeds accompanied by acceptable level of grain yield.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Dragon’s Head
  • Interference
  • Medicinal Plant
  • Weeds
  • Yield
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