تاثیر کود زیستی و مالچ بر رشد، عملکرد و اسید چرب امگا-3 خرفه (Portulaca oleracea) در کشت مخلوط با بالنگوی شهری (Lallemantia iberica Fischer & C.A. Meyer)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

گروه اکوفیزیولوژی گیاهی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تبریز

چکیده

     به منظور بررسی تاثیر مالچ و کود زیستی بر خصوصیات کمی و کیفی خرفه در کشت مخلوط با بالنگوی شهری، آزمایشی به صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح بلوکهای کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار در مزرعه تحقیقاتی دانشگاه تبریز در دو سال زراعی 1393-1394 و 1394-1395 به اجرا در آمد. الگوی کشت شامل کشت خالص خرفه و بالنگوی شهری، کشت مخلوط افزایشی با نسبت­های 100:20، 100:40 و 100:60 (بالنگوی شهری به خرفه) به عنوان عامل اول، مالچ کلش گندم در دو سطح با مالچ و بدون مالچ به عنوان عامل دوم، و مصرف کود شامل مصرف 100 درصد کود شیمیایی و مصرف تلفیقی کود زیستی ازتوبارور 1+ 50 درصد کود شیمیایی به عنوان عامل سوم بودند. نتایج نشان داد که مالچ باعث افزایش ارتفاع، تعداد شاخه فرعی، عملکرد دانه، میزان روغن و امگا-3 در خرفه و کاهش دمای برگ گردید. بیشترین تعداد شاخه فرعی (19/7) و عملکرد خرفه (26/47 گرم بر مترمربع) در کشت خالص و در سال دوم مشاهده شد در حالی­که بیشترین ارتفاع بوته و کمترین میزان دمای برگ در الگوی کشت مخلوط افزایشی 100:60 مشاهده شد. همچنین اثر تیمار کودی بر هیچ­یک از صفات مذکور معنی­دار نبود. بیشترین میزان نسبت برابری زمین (56/1) و مجموع ارزش نسبی (27/1) در الگوی کشت مخلوط افزایشی 100:40 به همراه مالچ و مصرف تلفیقی کود زیستی بعلاوه 50 درصد کود شیمیایی حاصل شد. افت عملکرد واقعی کل برای بیشتر ترکیب­های کشت مخلوط بیشتر از صفر بود، که بیانگر برتری کشت مخلوط نسبت به کشت خالص است.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of Biofertilizers and Mulching on Growth, Yield and Omega-3 fatty acid of Purslane (Portulaca oleracea L.) Intercropped with Dragon’s head (Lallemantia iberica Fischer & C.A. Meyer)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Asal Rohi Saralan
  • Jalil Shafagh-Kolvanagh
  • Adel Dabbagh Mohammadi Nassab
  • Mahmoodreza Saeidi
چکیده [English]

          The effect of mulching and biofertilizer on qualitative and quantitative traits of purslane in intercropped with dragon’s head, examined by a field experiments with a factorial arrangement based on randomized complete block design with three replications at the Research Farm of University of Tabriz during two growing seasons of 2015 and 2016. Cropping systems including sole cropping of purslane and dragon’s head, additive intercropping of dragon’s head + purslane (20, 40, 60 +100 %) were evaluated as the first factor, mulch application including wheat straw mulch and no mulch as the second factor and two types of fertilization including application of 100% chemical fertilizer and 50% chemical + biological fertilizers as the third factor. The results showed that mulch application significantly increased the number of branches, plant height, yield, oil content and omega-3 of pursulane and decreased leaf temperature. The highest number of branches (7.19) and yield (47.26 g.m-2) were observed in sole cropped and second year; while the highest plant height and lowest soil temperature was observed in D60 + P100 cropping pattern. Also, neither all of the traits were significantly affected by fertilizer treatment. The highest land equivalent ratio (1.56) and relative value total (1.27) were obtained from dragon’s head with purslane intercropping (D40 + P100) and mulch application and combinative application of chemical and biological fertilizers. Total actual yield loss for most of the intercropping combinations was greater than zero, which indicates the superiority of intercropping to monoculture.
 
 

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Actual Yield loss
  • Azoto Barvar-1
  • Intercropping
  • Omega-3
  • Wheat Mulch
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