فعالیت ضد قارچی اسانس زیره سبز و رزماری در گندم آلوده به قارچ Bipolaris sorokiniana

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار مرکز آموزش عالی شهید باکری میاندوآب، دانشگاه ارومیه و بنیاد ملی نخبگان

2 مرکز آموزش عالی شهید باکری میاندوآب، دانشگاه ارومیه

چکیده

         پوسیدگی معمول ریشه ناشی از قارچ Bipolaris sorokiniana، یکی از مهم­ترین بیماری های گندم می باشد که با توجه به خاک زی بودن این بیماری، به وسیله کنترل شیمیایی به راحتی خنثی نمی­شود. در این تحقیق اثر اسانس زیره سبز، رزماری و اسانس ترکیبی این دو گیاه بر رشد گندم تحت تنش بیماری القا شده با قارچ Bipolaris sorokiniana مطالعه شد. اسانس بسیاری از گیاهان دارای اثرات ضد قارچی هستند. جهت استحصال اسانس از روش تقطیر با آب توسط کلونجر استفاده شد و پس از به دست آوردن اسانس، جداسازی ترکیبات توسط کروماتوگرافی گازی - طیف سنجی جرمی (GC-MS) نشان داد که بیشترین ماده تشکیل دهنده اسانس زیره 3-Caren-10-al (% 13/27)، برای رزماری 1R-à-Pinene (%82/14) و همچنین 3-Caren-10-al (% 12) بیشترین ماده تشکیل دهنده اسانس زیره و رزماری در ترکیب باهم می باشد .نتایج مطالعه حاضر نشان داد که اسانس ترکیبی زیره سبز و رزماری بیشترین تأثیر را در جلوگیری از کاهش طول ریشه، وزن خشک ریشه، سطح برگ و کاهش رشد قارچ داشت. البته اسانس زیره سبز اثر معنی­داری در حفظ وزن تر و خشک شاخساره و همچنین محتوای آب نسبی برگ تحت تنش بیماری داشت. همبستگی مثبت معنی داری
(05/0> P) بین فاکتورهای رشدی مختلف مشاهده شد.
 
 

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Antifungal Activity of Cuminum cyminum and Rosmarinus officinalis Essential Oils on wheat infected by Bipolaris sorokiniana

نویسندگان [English]

  • Nayer Mohammadkhani 1
  • Ali Yekta 2
چکیده [English]

    Common root rot, induced by Bipolaris sorokiniana fungi is one of the most important diseases in wheat, which due to terrestrial of this disease, is not easily neutralized by the chemical control. In this study the effects of cumin, rosemary and combined essential oil of both plants on growth of wheat plant under disease stress induced by Bipolaris sorokiniana was evaluated. Essential oil extraction was performed by hydro distillation method with Clevenger. After obtaining essential oil, the compounds were separated by mass spectrometry – chromatography (GC-MS), which the major component of the essential oil of cumin was 3-caren-10-al (13.27%), for rosemary was 1R-à-Pinene (14.82%), as well as 3-caren-10-al (12%) was the major essential oil of combine with each other. The results of present study showed that the combined essential oil of cumin and rosemary had the highest effect in prevention of decrease in root length, root dry weight, leaf area and decrease in fungal growth. However, essential oil of cumin had a significant effect in protection of shoot dry weight as well as relative water content (RWC) of leaves under disease stress. There was a significant positive correlation (P<0.05) between studied growth parameters.
 
 

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Antifungi
  • Disease
  • Essential Oil
  • Bipolaris sorokiniana
  • Rosmary
  • Wheat
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