تأثیر مدیریت تلفیقی مصرف کودهای آلی و زیستی بر کمیت و کیفیت اسانس گشنیز (Coriandrum sativum L.)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشیار، گروه زراعت، واحد رودهن، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، رودهن، ایران

2 دانشجوی دکتری زراعت، گروه زراعت، واحد رودهن، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، رودهن، ایران

چکیده

اهداف: این تحقیق به منظور بررسی اثر مصرف کودهای آلی و زیستی بر کمیت و کیفیت اسانس گیاه دارویی گشنیز انجام گردید.

مواد و روش‌ها: آزمایش به صورت طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی با دوازده تیمار و سه تکرار در شهرستان تهران در سال 1398 اجرا شد. تیمارها شامل 1- ورمی‌کمپوست (10 تن در هکتار)، 2- نیتروکسین، 3- بیوسوپرفسفات، 4- بیوسولفور، 5- ورمی‌کمپوست + نیتروکسین، 6- ورمی‌کمپوست + بیوسوپرفسفات، 7- ورمی‌کمپوست + بیوسولفور، 8- نیتروکسین + بیوسوپرفسفات، 9- نیتروکسین + بیوسولفور، 10- بیوسوپرفسفات + بیوسولفور، 11- کود شیمیایی و 12- شاهد (عدم مصرف کود) بودند.

یافته‌ها: نتایج نشان داد که تیمارها تأثیر معنی‌داری بر صفات مورد مطالعه داشتند به طوری که بیشترین عملکرد خشک پیکره رویشی (3833/3 کیلوگرم در هکتار) در تیمار تلفیقی 10 تن ورمی‌کمپوست و نیتروکسین، بیشترین عملکرد دانه (1297/5 کیلوگرم در هکتار) و میزان لینالول در اسانس (89/53 درصد) در تیمار تلفیقی نیتروکسین و بیوسوپرفسفات و بیشترین میزان اسانس در دانه (0/32 درصد) و عملکرد اسانس (2/89 کیلوگرم در هکتار) در تیمار نیتروکسین حاصل گردید. هم‌چنین بیشترین میزان گاماترپینن در اسانس (5/29 درصد) در تیمار بیوسوپرفسفات و بیشترین میزان ژرانیل استات (8/69 درصد) و میزان دودسنال در اسانس (4/94 درصد) در تیمار کود شیمیایی بدست آمد.

نتیجه‌گیری: به طور کلی، نتایج این تحقیق نشان داد که کاربرد کودهای آلی و زیستی، نقش بارزی در افزایش عملکرد و کمیت و کیفیت اسانس گیاه دارویی گشنیز داشتند.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Effects of integrated management of organic and bio-fertilizers application on quantity and quality essential oil of coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mohammad Taghi Darzi 1
  • Hamed Ghasemi Tabasi 2
  • Mohammadreza Haj Seyed Hadi 1
1 Associated professor, Department of Agronomy, Roudehen Branch , Islamic Azad University, Roudehen, Iran
2 student of Agronomy (Ph.D), Department of Agronomy, Roudehen Branch, Islamic Azad University, Roudehen, Iran
چکیده [English]

Objectives: This study was performed to evaluate the effects of organic and bio-fertilizers application on quantity and quality essential oil of coriander.

Materials and Methods: The experiment was conducted as randomized complete blocks design with twelve treatments and three replications in Tehran of Iran in 2019. The treatments were 1- vermicompost (10 t/ha), 2- nitroxin, 3- bio-superphosphate, 4- biosulfur, 5- vermicompost + nitroxin, 6- vermicompost + bio-superphosphate, 7- vermicompost + biosulfur, 8- nitroxin + bio-superphosphate, 9- nitroxin + biosulfur, 10- bio-superphosphate + biosulfur, 11- chemical fertilizer and 12- control (without fertilizer).

Results: The results showed that treatments had significant effects on studied traits, as the highest herb dry yield (3833.3 kg.ha-1) in integrated treatment of 10 t/ha vermicompost and nitroxin, the highest seed yield (1297.5 kg.ha-1) and linalool content in essential oil (89.53%) in integrated treatment of nitroxin and bio-superphosphate and the highest essential oil content (0.32%) and essential oil yield (2.89 kg.ha-1) in treatment of nitroxin were obtained. Also, the highest gamma terpinene content in essential oil (5.29%) in treatment of bio-superphosphate and the highest geranyl acetate content (8.69%) and dodecenal content (4.94%) in essential oil in treatment of chemical fertilizer were obtained.

Conclusion: In general, results of this study showed, bio and organic fertilizers application had a considerable role in increasing of yield and quantity and quality essential oil of coriander.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Bio-superphosphate
  • Biosulfur
  • Linalool
  • Nitroxin
  • Vermicompost
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